Table 1.
Sample Characteristics
| Total Sample | Three Good Things | Placebo | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Possible Range |
Sample Range |
Mean (Standard Deviation) or Percentage |
N | Mean (Standard Deviation) or Percentage |
n | Mean (Standard Deviation) or Percentage |
n |
| Demographic Characteristics at Baseline | ||||||||
| Age | 27–63 | 46.3 (10.9) | 23 | 44.5 (10.9) | 11 | 47.9 (11.1) | 12 | |
| Years of Education | 12–22 | 16.2 (3.0) | 23 | 16.3 (3.9) | 11 | 16.1 (2.0) | 12 | |
| Female | 11 (47.8%) | 23 | 4 (36.4%) | 11 | 7 (58.3%) | 12 | ||
| Not European-American | 2 (8.7%) | 23 | 2 (18.2%) | 11 | 0 (0%) | 12 | ||
| Married or Co-habitating | 11 (47.8%) | 23 | 4 (36.4%) | 11 | 7 (58.3%) | 12 | ||
| Employed Full-Time | 13 (56.5%) | 23 | 8 (72.7%) | 11 | 5 (41.7%) | 12 | ||
| Clinical Characteristics at Baseline | ||||||||
| Depression** | 0–21 | 0–13 | 5.0 (3.9) | 23 | 4.9 (3.9) | 11 | 5.0 (4.1) | 12 |
| Anxiety** | 0–21 | 3–18 | 9.1 (3.7) | 23 | 9.5 (1.6) | 11 | 8.8 (4.9) | 12 |
| Craving*** | 0–56 | 0–29 | 10.3 (7.4) | 23 | 10.3 (7.1) | 11 | 10.3 (7.9) | 12 |
| Consequences of Drinking**** | 0–45 | 0–37 | 8.3 (11.2) | 23 | 4.9 (9.7) | 11 | 11.5 (12.0) | 12 |
| AA Involvement***** | 0–9 | 0–8.8 | 6.3 (2.6) | 23 | 6.6 (2.6) | 11 | 6.0 (2.7) | 12 |
| Days Since Last Substance Use | 15–1855 | 430.6 (520.4) | 23 | 339.5 (343.2) | 11 | 514.2 (647.0) | 12 | |
| Affect | ||||||||
| Day 1 | ||||||||
| Negative Affect (NA) | 10–50 | 10–32 | 15.0 (6.6) | 23 | 15.7 (7.3) | 11 | 14.5 (6.2) | 12 |
| Activated Positive Affect (APA) | 10–50 | 11–47 | 28.1 (10.1) | 23 | 31.2 (9.8) | 11 | 25.5 (10.0) | 12 |
| Unactivated Positive Affect (UPA) | 3–15 | 3–14 | 9.1 (3.1) | 23 | 8.7 (2.6) | 11 | 9.4 (3.5) | 12 |
| Day 14 | ||||||||
| Negative Affect (NA) | 10–50 | 10–32 | 14.1 (5.7) | 22 | 13.4 (3.7) | 11 | 14.8 (7.3) | 11 |
| Activated Positive Affect (APA) | 10–50 | 10–41 | 24.6 (11.5) | 22 | 26.3 (11.2) | 11 | 23.0 (12.1) | 11 |
| Unactivated Positive Affect (UPA) | 3–15 | 3–15 | 8.2 (3.7) | 22 | 8.5 (3.4) | 11 | 7.9 (4.1) | 11 |
| 8 Week Follow-Up | ||||||||
| Negative Affect (NA) | 10–50 | 10–33 | 17.3 (6.4) | 22 | 15.1 (4.6) | 11 | 19.5 (7.3) | 11 |
| Activated Positive Affect (APA) | 10–50 | 15–45 | 32.4 (10.4) | 22 | 35.2 (9.4) | 11 | 29.5 (10.9) | 11 |
| Unactivated Positive Affect (UPA) | 3–15 | 4–13 | 9.1 (3.0) | 22 | 9.4 (3.0) | 11 | 8.8 (3.1) | 11 |
| Grateful Disposition | ||||||||
| Baseline | 6–42 | 15–42 | 35.8 (7.2) | 23 | 36.9 (6.7) | 11 | 34.8 (7.8) | 12 |
| Day 7 | 6–42 | 17–42 | 36.1 (7.0) | 22 | 37.0 (7.0) | 11 | 35.2 (7.2) | 11 |
| Day 14 | 6–42 | 13–42 | 36.3 (7.6) | 22 | 37.3 (7.1) | 11 | 35.4 (8.4) | 11 |
| 8 Week Follow-Up | 6–42 | 14–42 | 36.8 (7.2) | 22 | 38.4 (6.2) | 11 | 35.2 (8.0) | 11 |
| Number of Participants who Drank During Study Period* | 3 (13.6%) | 22 | 2 (18.2%) | 11 | 1 (9.1%) | 11 | ||
Determined at the 8 Week Follow Up, assessed with an electronic version of the Time Line Follow-Back (Pedersen, Grow, Duncan, Neighbors, & Larimer, 2012; Sobell & Sobell, 1992) and with the following individual items: ‘What, if any, was the date of your last drink?’ ‘What, if any, was the date of your last drug use?’
Assessed via the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (Zigmond & Snaith, 1983)
Assessed by the Obsessive-Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS) (Anton, Moak, & Latham, 1995)
Assessed by the Short Index of Problems (SIP) (Miller, Tonigan, & Longabaugh, 1995)
Assessed via the Alcoholics Anonymous Affiliation Scale (Humphreys, Kaskutas, & Weisner, 1998)
Differences between the treatment and placebo groups were tested for all values reported in this table using t tests, chi square analyses, or Fisher’s Exact tests. No differences between groups were statistically significant.