Table 1.
Antimicrobial effect of resin in microbial cultures and in the European Pharmacopoeia challenge test
| Parameter | Culture | EP-Challenge Test | Microbial Strain |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gram-positive cocci | |||
| Staphylococcus aureusa | − | n.a. | ATCC 25923 |
| S. aureusa | n.a. | − | ATCC 6538 |
| S. aureus (MRSA)a | − | n.a. | NEQAS 4937/98 |
| S. aureus (MRSA)b | n.a. | − | ATCC 43300 |
| Staphylycoccus epidermidisa | − | n.a. | ATCC 49461 |
| Enterococcus faecalisa | − | n.a. | ATCC 29212 |
| E. faecalis (VRE)a | − | n.a. | EARSS UA605/01 |
| E. faecalisa | − | n.a. | EARSS UA 1527/01 |
| Streptococcus pyogenes (A)a | − | n.a. | ATCC 19615 |
| Streptococcus agalactiae (B)a | − | n.a. | NEQAS 6098/01 |
| Gram-positive rods | |||
| Arcanobacterium haemolyticuma | − | n.a. | Lab quality strain 237/95 |
| Gram-negative rods | |||
| Escherichia colia | +++ | n.a. | ATCC 25922 |
| E. colib | n.a. | − | ATCC 10538 |
| Enterobacter cloacaea | ++ | n.a. | ATCC 23355 |
| Klebsiella pneumoniaea | +++ | n.a. | ATCC 13883 |
| Proteus vulgarisa | − | n.a. | ATCC 8427 |
| Proteus mirabilisa | +++ | n.a. | ATCC 12453 |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosaa | +++ | n.a. | ATCC 27853 |
| P. aeruginosab | n.a. | − | ATCC 15442 |
| Bacillus subtilisb | n.a. | − | ATCC 6633 |
| Dermatophytesc | |||
| Trichophyton rubrum | − | n.a. | ATCC 28188 |
| T. rubrum | − | n.a. | Clinical isolate 05PI5613 |
| Trichophyton mentagrophytes | − | n.a. | ATCC 9533 |
| Trichophyton tonsurans | − | n.a. | Lab quality strain 426/2000 |
| Microsporum canis | − | n.a. | Clinical isolate 05PI5908 |
| Epidermophyton floccosum | − | n.a. | Clinical isolate 05PI5877 |
| Yeastsc | |||
| Candida albicans | +++ | n.a. | ATCC 90028 |
| C. albicansb | n.a. | − | ATCC 10231 |
| Candida glabrata | ++ | n.a. | NL 2238 |
| Candida krusei | ++ | n.a. | ATCC 6258 |
| Candida parapsilosis | +++ | n.a. | ATCC 22019 |
| Candida dubliniensis | +++ | n.a. | NEQAS 5525/2000 |
| Candida tropicalis | +++ | n.a. | Lab quality strain 425/2000 |
| Opportunistic fungal speciesc | |||
| Fusarium solani | +++ | n.a. | NEQAS 5204/1999 |
| Chrysosporium keratinophilum | +++ | n.a. | Clinical isolate 05PI5899 |
Growth in fastidious anaerobe broth (FAB) liquid medium in the presence of 10% (w/w) resin-salve medium in Mueller–Hinton agar after 16–20 h incubation.
At a 4-day time point in the presence of 10% (w/w) resin-salve medium.
Growth in the Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) agar medium with the presence of 50% (w/w) resin-salve medium.
A, the group A streptococcus bacterium; B, the group B streptococcus bacterium; ATCC, American Type Culture Collection; EARSS, European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System; EP, European Pharmacopoeia; MRSA, methicillin-resistant S. aureus; NEQAS, National External Quality Assessment Service; VRE, vancomycin-resistant enterococci; −, no visible growth or distinct inhibition zone; +, slight growth; ++, moderate growth or potential inhibition zone; +++, heavy growth or indistinguishable inhibition zone; n.a., not analyzed.