Table 1.

Sociodemographic Characteristics and Level of Acupuncture Use of Acupuncture-Preferred Consumers and Non–Acupuncture-Preferred Consumers in Past 12 Months (n = 572)

Variable	Acupuncture-preferred (n = 456)	Non–acupuncture-preferred (n = 116)	p-Value
Sociodemographics
Agea	49.8 (47.8–51.8)	48.7 (45.8–51.6)	0.54
Sex			0.006
Male	33.2	18.1
Female	66.8	81.9
Region of United States			<0.001
Northeast	21.6	5.0
Midwest	13.8	32.9
South	20.7	13.2
West	43.9	48.9
Race/ethnicity			0.097
Hispanic	11.6	11.3
Non-Hispanic white	70.4	76.2
Non-Hispanic black	5.3	8.7
Non-Hispanic Asian	12.4	3.2
Non-Hispanic other	0.3	0.6
Education			0.145
Less than high school	7.3	1.1
High school graduate and some degree	42.4	4.3
Bachelor degree	29.0	29.0
Master degree and higher	21.3	26.4
Personal earning in the past year (US$)			0.338
<$10,000	6.3	9.7
$10,000–$19,999	8.8	5.8
$20,000–$34,999	8.3	13.4
$35,000–$54,999	14.6	10.1
$55,000–$74,999	8.9	6.6
≥$75,000	15.3	20.3
Refused to report or don't know	9.2	13.4
Not worked in the past year	28.6	20.8
Marital status/relationship			0.105
Married or living with a partner	63.5	48.8
Divorced or separated	13.3	20.1
Widowed	5.9	7.2
Never married	17.3	23.9
Family spending on medical care			0.587
$0	6.1	1.8
$1–$499	25.6	22.9
$500–$1999	33.7	37.5
$2000–$2999	11.2	13.8
$3000–$4999	9.8	7.9
≥$5000	1.4	16.1
Total no. of CAM modalities useda	3.02 (2.78–3.25)	5.86 (5.40–6.32)	<0.001
Acupuncture use
No. of visits to acupuncturista	7.47 (6.24–8.70)	3.99 (3.05–4.93)	<0.001
Out-of-pocket for acupuncture expense (US$)a	342.8 (284.1–401.6)	246.4 (168.8–324.1)	<0.001
Insurance covered the acupuncture expense			0.189
Covered by insurance (some or all)	25.7	17.8
Not covered by insurance	74.3	82.2

^aMean and 95% confidence interval presented in the table.

CAM, complementary and alternative medicine.