Table 1.
Baseline Demographics of Total Cohort and Stratified by Presence or Absence of Inducible Ischemia by CMR
| Total (n = 173) |
Inducible Ischemia (n= 79) |
No Inducible Ischemia (n = 94) |
P-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (years) | 61.7±11.9 | 63.9±10.9 | 59.9±12.3 | <0.05* |
| Female | 64 (37%) | 23 (29%) | 41 (44%) | 0.06 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 31.2±6.9 | 30.2±5.5 | 32.1±7.8 | 0.07 |
| Resting heart rate (bpm) | 72.0±14.1 | 72.1±13.2 | 71.9±14.8 | 0.92 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 7.9 ±1.8 | 7.9±1.7 | 7.9±1.9 | 0.90 |
| Coronary Risk Factors | ||||
| History of smoking (>10 pack-years) | 42 (24%) | 21 (27%) | 21 (22%) | 0.59 |
| History of hypertension | 141 (82%) | 67 (85%) | 74 (79%) | 0.24 |
| History of hypercholesterolemia | 132 (76%) | 64 (81%) | 68 (72%) | 0.15 |
| Anginal chest pain | 50 (29%) | 30 (38%) | 20 (21%) | <0.05* |
| History of MI | 41 (24%) | 32 (41%) | 9 (10%) | <0.0001* |
| History of PCI | 42 (24%) | 29 (37%) | 13 (14%) | <0.001* |
| History of CABG | 18 (10%) | 12 (15%) | 6 (7%) | 0.08 |
| History of CHF | 57 (33%) | 31 (39%) | 26 (28%) | 0.11 |
| Family history of CAD | 42 (24%) | 21 (27%) | 21 (22%) | 0.59 |
| Medications | ||||
| Oral hypoglycemic agent(s) | 85 (49%) | 33 (42%) | 52 (55%) | 0.12 |
| Insulin | 53 (31%) | 27 (34%) | 26 (28%) | 0.31 |
| ACEI or ARB | 108 (62%) | 49 (62%) | 59 (63%) | 1 |
| Statin | 140 (81%) | 67 (85%) | 73 (78%) | 0.21 |
| Aspirin | 123 (71%) | 65 (82%) | 58 (62%) | <0.01* |
| Beta-blocker | 117 (68%) | 61 (77%) | 56 (60%) | < 0.05* |
| Calcium channel blocker | 36 (21%) | 13 (16%) | 23 (24%) | 0.26 |
| Diuretics | 65 (38%) | 35 (44%) | 30 (32%) | 0.06 |
| Nitroglycerin | 33 (19%) | 22 (28%) | 11 (12%) | < 0.05* |
| Electrocardiogram | ||||
| Pathologic Q-waves | 32 (18%) | 19 (24%) | 13 (14%) | 0.12 |
| Left bundle branch block | 14 (8%) | 7 (9%) | 7 (7%) | 0.79 |
| Left ventricular hypertrophy | 15 (9%) | 7 (9%) | 8 (9%) | 1 |
| Resting ST-segment deviation | 25 (14%) | 16 (20%) | 9 (10%) | < 0.05* |
| T-wave inversion | 43 (25%) | 27 (34%) | 16 (17%) | < 0.01* |
| QRS prolongation (≥120 msec) | 23 (13%) | 11 (14%) | 12 (13%) | 0.83 |
| CMR | ||||
| Inducible ischemia score (# of segments) |
2.2±3.2 | 4.8±3.2 | 0±0 | < 0.0001* |
| Resting wall motion abnormality | 60 (35%) | 44 (56%) | 17 (18%) | < 0.0001* |
| LGE (subendocardial, present) | 88 (51%) | 56 (71%) | 32 (34%) | < 0.0001* |
| Global LGE (% of total myocardium) | 5.7±10.5 | 9.3±12.6 | 3.0±7.6 | < 0.001* |
| LVEF (%) | 51.8±17.6 | 48.7±18.9 | 54.3±16.1 | < 0.05* |
| LV end-diastolic volume index (ml/m2) |
94.9±39.9 | 101.3±46.9 | 90.0±32.8 | 0.07 |
| LV end-systolic volume index (ml/m2) |
51.6±41.5 | 60.0±49.8 | 45.1±32.6 | < 0.05* |
| LV mass index (g/m2) | 66.6±20.5 | 67.8±20.0 | 65.6±21.0 | 0.49 |
| RVEF (%) | 51.5±10.6 | 50.9±10.9 | 52.0±10.4 | 0.51 |
*
P-value of less than 0.05.
ACEI=angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB=angiotensin II receptor blocker, CABG=coronary artery bypass grafting surgery, CAD=coronary artery disease, CHF=congestive heart failure, CMR=cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, LGE=late gadolinium enhancement, LV=left ventricular, LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction, MI=myocardial infarction, PCI=percutaneous coronary intervention, RVEF=right ventricular ejection fraction.