Table 2.
Correlation between the level of biofilm formation and resistance to 21 antibiotics in A. baumannii clinical isolates.
| Antimicrobial category | Antimicrobial agent | OD550* | rs | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S** | I** | R** | ||||
| Aminoglycosides | Gentamicin | 0.366 (0.177, 0.687) | 0.090 (0.084, 0.109) | 0.100 (0.089, 0.119) | −0.647 | <0.001 |
| Tobramycin | 0.329 (0.138, 0.643) | 0.745 (0.416, 0.788) | 0.100 (0.089, 0.118) | −0.603 | <0.001 | |
| Amikacin | 0.129 (0.097, 0.392) | 0.105 (0.088, 0.109) | 0.105 (0.087, 0.122) | −0.284 | <0.001 | |
| Carbapenems | Imipenem | 0.360 (0.156, 0.679) | 0.117 (0.117, 0.117) | 0.100 (0.088, 0.117) | −0.674 | <0.001 |
| Meropenem | 0.360 (0.156, 0.679) | 0.125 (0.125, 0.125) | 0.100 (0.088, 0.117) | −0.674 | <0.001 | |
| Fluoroquinolones | Ciprofloxacin | 0.398 (0.200, 0.751) | 0.440 (0.374, 0.758) | 0.100 (0.088, 0.120) | −0.690 | <0.001 |
| Levofloxacin | 0.372 (0.187, 0.700) | 0.108 (0.088, 0.124) | 0.099 (0.088, 0.113) | −0.662 | <0.001 | |
| Penicillins + β-lactamase inhibitors | Ampicillin/sulbactam | 0.380 (0.200, 0.704) | 0.112 (0.097, 0.132) | 0.100 (0.088, 0.117) | −0.709 | <0.001 |
| Piperacillin/tazobactam | 0.337 (0.139, 0.666) | 0.110 (0.094, 0.120) | 0.103 (0.087, 0.119) | −0.573 | <0.001 | |
| Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid | 0.412 (0.233, 0.761) | 0.102 (0.097, 0.115) | 0.100 (0.088, 0.119) | −0.705 | <0.001 | |
| Cephems | Ceftazidime | 0.400 (0.204, 0.737) | 0.231 (0.132, 0.422) | 0.100 (0.087, 0.116) | −0.730 | <0.001 |
| Ceftriaxone | 0.359 (0.187, 0.652) | 0.400 (0.234, 0.846) | 0.100 (0.088, 0.117) | −0.704 | <0.001 | |
| Cefotaxime | 0.329 (0.121, 0.417) | 0.400 (0.218, 0.824) | 0.103 (0.089, 0.124) | −0.625 | <0.001 | |
| Cefepime | 0.404 (0.231, 0.761) | 0.094 (0.085, 0.118) | 0.101 (0.088, 0.119) | −0.673 | <0.001 | |
| Folate pathway inhibitors | Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole | 0.342 (0.139, 0.682) | − | 0.103 (0.090, 0.121) | −0.556 | <0.001 |
| Lipopeptides | Polymyxin B | 0.118 (0.095, 0.269) | − | 0.105 (0.092, 0.138) | −0.046 | 0.455 |
| Tetracyclines | Tetracycline | 0.395 (0.177, 0.793) | 0.095 (0.085, 0.112) | 0.137 (0.089, 0.124) | −0.574 | <0.001 |
| Doxycycline | 0.378 (0.177, 0.704) | 0.188 (0.130, 0.275) | 0.100 (0.087, 0.118) | −0.688 | <0.001 | |
| Minocycline | 0.205 (0.010, 0.478) | 0.099 (0.085, 0.116) | 0.105 (0.089, 0.121) | −0.424 | <0.001 | |
| Penicillins | Piperacillin | 0.389 (0.208, 0.696) | 0.535 (0.288, 0.840) | 0.100 (0.088, 0.118) | −0.724 | <0.001 |
| Mezlocillin | 0.474 (0.336, 0.940) | 0.407 (0.172, 0.633) | 0.107 (0.090, 0.137) | −0.511 | <0.001 | |
*
OD550, optical density at 550 nm; data shown in median (interquartile range, IQR);
**
R, resistance; I, intermediate; S, susceptible.