Table 3. Descriptive statistics on specific facets of the WHOQOL-HIV-Bref (adjusted for covariates).a .
| <50 years (n = 1009) |
≥50 years (n = 185) |
F |  |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (95% CI) | M (95% CI) | |||
| Domain 1 – physical | ||||
| Pain and discomfort | 3.97 (3.89–4.04) | 3.69 (3.52–3.87) | 7.69* | .007 |
| Energy and fatigue | 3.38 (3.32–3.44) | 3.17 (3.02–3.32) | 6.53* | .006 |
| Sleep and rest | 3.21 (3.13–3.28) | 3.08 (2.90–3.26) | 1.46 | .001 |
| Symptoms of PLWHAsb,c | 3.67 (3.59–3.75) | 3.47 (3.27–3.67) | 3.28 | .003 |
| Domain 2 – psychological | ||||
| Positive feelings | 3.80 (3.74–3.86) | 3.67 (3.52–3.83) | 2.30 | .002 |
| Cognitions | 3.26 (3.20–3.32) | 3.29 (3.15–3.44) | 0.19 | .000 |
| Body image and appearance | 3.56 (3.49–3.63) | 3.34 (3.18–3.51) | 5.84* | .005 |
| Self-esteem | 3.46 (3.39–3.52) | 3.31 (3.14–3.47) | 2.68 | .002 |
| Negative feelings | 2.92 (2.86–2.99) | 2.93 (2.77–3.09) | 0.01 | .000 |
| Domain 3 – level of independence | ||||
| Mobility | 3.83 (3.77–3.89) | 3.58 (3.42–3.73) | 8.90** | .008 |
| Activities of daily living | 3.51 (3.44–3.57) | 3.33 (3.18–3.48) | 4.47* | .004 |
| Dependence on medication or treatment | 3.75 (3.67–3.83) | 3.53 (3.33–3.72) | 4.47* | .004 |
| Work capacity | 3.35 (3.28–3.41) | 3.29 (3.12–3.43) | 0.61 | .001 |
| Domain 4 – social relationships | ||||
| Personal relationships | 3.56 (3.50–3.62) | 3.43 (3.28–3.58) | 2.33 | .002 |
| Social support | 3.50 (3.44–3.56) | 3.43 (3.28–3.58) | 0.71 | .001 |
| Sexual activity | 3.11 (3.04–3.18) | 2.74 (2.57–2.90) | 16.18*** | .014 |
| Social inclusionb | 3.63 (3.57–3.70) | 3.62 (3.47–3.77) | 0.03 | .000 |
| Domain 5 – environment | ||||
| Physical safety and security | 3.24 (3.18–3.30) | 3.24 (3.10–3.38) | 0.00 | .000 |
| Home environment | 3.55 (3.49–3.62) | 3.54 (3.39–3.69) | 0.02 | .000 |
| Health and social care | 3.67 (3.61–3.73) | 3.60 (3.46–3.75) | 0.63 | .000 |
| Financial resources | 2.44 (2.38–2.51) | 2.67 (2.52–2.81) | 7.32** | .006 |
| New information or skills | 3.33 (3.27–3.39) | 3.22 (3.08–3.36) | 2.04 | .002 |
| Recreation and leisure | 2.89 (2.82–2.95) | 2.85 (2.69–3.01) | 0.14 | .000 |
| Physical environments | 3.37 (3.32–3.43) | 3.34 (3.21–3.47) | 0.18 | .000 |
| Transport | 3.58 (3.53–3.64) | 3.53 (3.38–3.67) | 0.52 | .000 |
| Domain 6 – spirituality | ||||
| Spirituality, Religion, Personal beliefs | 3.55 (3.49–3.62) | 3.43 (3.27–3.59) | 1.67 | .002 |
| Forgivenessb | 3.65 (3.57–3.74) | 3.65 (3.44–3.85) | 0.08 | .000 |
| Fear of the futureb | 2.97 (2.88–3.05) | 2.95 (2.75–3.15) | 0.16 | .000 |
| Death and dyingb | 3.36 (3.27–3.46) | 3.31 (3.09–3.52) | 0.40 | .000 |
aMultivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) adjusted for education, marital status, employment status, mode of HIV transmission, time since HIV diagnosis and presence of other co-infections.
bItems from the HIV module.
cPLWHA: People living with HIV/AIDS.
*p < .05.
**p < .01.
***p < .001.