Table 5.
Medians of PBDE levels (ng/g lipid) in studies which reported the association between birth weight and PBDEs
| Country (ref) | N | Year (s) | Specimen analyzed | BDE-47 | BDE-99 | BDE-100 | BDE-153 | Covariates | Association birth weight/PBDEsa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sweden (24) | 254 | 1996 - 2010 | Breast milk | 1.30 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.54 | Di-ortho PCB, gestational length, moternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, education, smoking and infant sex. | Negative |
| California, USA (21) | 286 | 1999 - 2000 | Maternal serum (2nd trimester of pregnancy) | 14.57 | 3.85 | 2.45 | 2.03 | Moternal age, marital status, parity, body mass index, country of birth (United States vs. other), family income, sex of infant | Negative |
| Taiwana (25) | 20 | 2000 - 2001 | Breast milk | 1.52 | 0.51 | 0.37 | 0.87 | Maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI and parity. | BDE-47 geometric mean was higher for birth weight ≤ 3.05 Kg compared to birth weight > 3.05 Kg |
| Indiana, USA (5) | 15 | 2001 | Maternal serum (delivery) | 28.00 | 5.70 | 4.20 | 2.90 | - | No association |
| Ontario, Canada (22) | 97 | 2004 - 2005 | Maternal serum (24–28 WOA) | 24.20 | 8.73 | 3.25 | 4.15 | BMI, maternal age, parity, gestational age at birth, socio-economic status (family income and years of education), sex of the baby, and serum cotinine concentration. | Negative only for BDE-99 |
| Australia (26) | 150 | 2008 - 2011 | Maternal plasma (38 WOA) | 3.96 | 0.88 | 0.98 | 2.26 | Maternal age, number of children, Gestational age, gender, Maternal BMI prior to pregnancy, maternal weight gain. | Negative not statistically significant |
| China (28) | 215 | 2010 - 2012 | Maternal serum (during pregnancy) | 2.26 | 3.58 | 2.13 | 4.87 | Maternal age, parity, education, pre-pregnancy BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, family income, gestational age | Positive association with PBDE-153 (in female infants only) |
| Spain (23) | 473 | 2003 - 2008 | Maternal serum (10–13 WOA) | < LOD | 1.14 | - | 2.19 | Negative only for BDE-99 | |
| 486 | Umbilical cord blood | 1.73 | 1.05 | - | 1.91 | - | |||
| North Carolina, USA (27) | 137 | 2005 - 2008 | Maternal serum (35–36 WOA) | 18.87 | 5.5 | 4.61 | 5.65 | Final models not show | No association |
| Our study | 349 | 2007 - 2008 | Maternal serum (<29 WOA) | 20.93 | 4.03 | 2.21 | 4.21 | Maternal age, marital status, BMI, infection, smoking status, PCBs, lead (ng/ml), plus previous pregnancies history (preterm infant and low birth weight infant) in multipara only (N = 234). | No association |
aMean
WOA Weeks of amenorrhea