Table 3.
Malaria-positive smears in 12 study sites in Mauritania
| Zone/study sites | Subjects (n) | Plasmodium species (n, %) | All Plasmodium spp. (n, %) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P. falciparum | P. vivax | P. ovale | P. malariae | |||
| Sahelian | 1056 | 8 (0.76) | – | 5 (0.47) | 1 (0.09) | 14 (1.33) |
| 2011 | 350 | 3 (0.86) | – | 3 (0.86) | – | 6 (1.71) |
| 2012 | 369 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2013 | 337 | 5 (1.48) | – | 2 (0.59) | 1 (0.30) | 8 (2.37) |
| Keurmassen | ||||||
| 2011 | 50 | 1 (2.00) | – | – | – | 1 (2.00) |
| 2012 | 50 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2013 | 117 | 1 (0.85) | – | – | – | 1 (0.85) |
| Boghé | ||||||
| 2011 | 101 | – | – | 1 (0.99) | – | 1 (0.99) |
| 2012 | 101 | – | – | – | – | |
| 2013 | 114 | 1 (0.88) | – | – | 1 (0.88) | 2 (1.75) |
| Gouraye | ||||||
| 2011 | 99 | 1 (1.01) | – | 2 (2.02) | – | 3 (3.03) |
| 2012 | 99 | – | – | – | – | |
| 2013 | 74 | 1 (1.35) | – | 1 (1.35) | – | 2 (2.70) |
| Ghabou | ||||||
| 2011 | 100 | 1 (1.00) | – | – | – | 1 (1.00) |
| 2012 | 119 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2013 | 32 | 2 (6.25) | – | 1 (3.12) | – | 3 (9.38) |
| Sahelo-Saharan | 1330 | 62 (4.66) | 16 (1.20) a | 5 (0.38) | – | 83 (6.24)* |
| 2011 | 407 | 18 (4.42) | 12 (2.95) | 3 (0.74) | – | 33 (8.11) |
| 2012 | 451 | – | – | – | ||
| 2013 | 472 | 44 (9.32) | 4 (0.85) | 2 (0.42) | – | 50 (10.59) |
| Kobeni | ||||||
| 2011 | 105 | 3 (2.86) | 4 (3.81) | 2 (1.90) | – | 9 (8.57) |
| 2012 | 111 | – | – | – | – | |
| 2013 | 129 | 18 (13.95) | – | 1 (0.78) | – | 19 (14.73) |
| Tamcheket | ||||||
| 2011 | 102 | 2 (1.96) | 6 (5.88) | 1 (0.98) | – | 9 (8.82) |
| 2012 | 105 | – | – | – | – | |
| 2013 | 105 | 5 (4.76) | 4 (3.81)a | – | – | 9 (8.57) |
| Kankossa | ||||||
| 2011 | 104 | 8 (7.69) | 2 (1.92) | – | – | 10 (9.62) |
| 2012 | 109 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2013 | 124 | 12 (9.68) | – | 1 (0.81) | – | 13 (10.48) |
| Nbeika | ||||||
| 2011 | 96 | 5 (5.21) | – | – | – | 5 (5.21) |
| 2012 | 126 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2013 | 114 | 9 (7.89) | – | – | – | 9 (7.89) |
| Saharan | 1059 | 1 (0.09) | 43 (4.06) | 2 (0.19) | – | 46 (4.34)* |
| 2011 | 424 | 1 (0.24) | 26 (6.13) | – | 29 (6.84) | |
| 2012 | 348 | – | 3 (0.86) | 2 (0.47) | – | 3 (0.86) |
| 2013 | 287 | – | 14 (4.88) | – | – | 14 (4.88) |
| Teyarettb | ||||||
| 2011 | 109 | 1 (0.92) | 15 (13.76) | 2 (1.83) | – | 18 (16.51) |
| 2012 | 116 | – | 3 (2.59) | – | 3 (2.59) | |
| 2013 | 109 | – | 8 (7.34) | – | – | 8 (7.34) |
| Darnaimb | ||||||
| 2011 | 119 | – | 9 (7.56) | – | – | 9 (7.56) |
| 2012 | 125 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2013 | 119 | – | 5 (4.20) | – | – | 5 (4.20) |
| Aoujeft | ||||||
| 2011 | 146 | – | 2 (1.37) | – | – | 2 (1.37) |
| 2012 | 107 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2013 | 59 | – | 1 (1.69) | – | – | 1 (1.69) |
| Akjoujt | ||||||
| 2011 | 50 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2012 | ND | |||||
| 2013 | ND | |||||
Overall data obtained in each zone, followed by data from each study site, are presented. The total numbers of malaria-positive individuals in each zone are in italics. Dash denotes n = 0. ND, not done. Asterisks (*) denote statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) in the proportions of malaria-positive smears between sahelian zone and both the sahelo-Saharan and Saharan zones. Malaria positivity rate between sahelo-Saharan and Saharan zones did not differ significantly (P = 0.052). The difference in malaria positivity rate was statistically significant (P < 0.05) between the ‘hot’ dry season 2012 (3 of 1168; 0.26 %) and ‘cool’ dry season 2011 (68 of 1181; 5.76 %) or rainy season in 2013 (72 of 1096; 6.57 %), but not between 2011 and 2013 (P = 0.473)
aIncluding two children with mixed P. falciparum-P. vivax infections
bTeyarett and Darnaim are districts in Nouakchott, the capital city of Mauritania