Table 1.
Basic characteristics of the study population by genotype
| Trait | SOD genotype | GPx genotype | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ala/Ala (CC) (N = 92) | Ala/Val (CT) (N = 172) | Val/Val (TT) (N = 103) | P | Pro/Pro (CC) (N = 180) | Pro/Leu (CC) (N = 152) | Leu/Leu (TT) (N = 35) | P | |
| Age (years) | 60.47 ± 10.88 | 62.42 ± 11.98 | 61.51 ± 11.99 | 0.43 | 61.57 ± 11.59 | 62.42 ± 12.24 | 63.37 ± 10.10 | 0.64 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.90 ± 4.08 | 26.26 ± 3.72 | 26.42 ± 3.49 | 0.61 | 26.02 ± 3.63 | 26.45 ± 3.77 | 26.17 ± 4.25 | 0.58 |
| Male, n (%) | 61 (66.30 %) | 88 (51.16 %) | 67 (65.05 %) | 0.02 | 107 (59.44 %) | 91 (59.87 %) | 18 (51.43 %) | 0.64 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 22 (23.91 %) | 43 (25.0 %) | 31 (30.10 %) | 0.55 | 50 (27.78 %) | 37 (24.34 %) | 9 (25.72 %) | 0.77 |
| Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 16 (17.39 %) | 27 (15.70 %) | 29 (28.15 %) | 0.03 | 26 (14.45 %) | 22 (14.47 %) | 10 (28.75 %) | 0.09 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 14 (15.22 %) | 20 (11.62 %) | 25 (24.27 %) | 0.02 | 30 (16.67 %) | 23 (15.13 %) | 6 (17.14 %) | 0.92 |
| Current Smokers, n (%) | 47 (51.08 %) | 86 (50.0 %) | 49 (47.57 %) | 0.88 | 86 (47.78 %) | 78 (51.32 %) | 18 (51.43 %) | 0.79 |
| Plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 5.71 ± 3.68 | 5.25 ± 2.26 | 5.62 ± 2.15 | 0.33 | 5.70 ± 3.27 | 5.24 ± 2.51 | 5.22 ± 2.68 | 0.32 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 2.52 ± 1.09 | 2.46 ± 1.02 | 2.48 ± 1.08 | 0.91 | 2.68 ± 1.03 | 2.42 ± 0.89 | 2.73 ± 1.13 | 0.04 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.57 ± 0.66 | 1.63 ± 0.70 | 1.66 ± 0.63 | 0.64 | 1.65 ± 0.58 | 1.64 ± 0.74 | 1.67 ± 0.66 | 0.97 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.32 ± 0.72 | 1.45 ± 0.74 | 1.30 ± 0.69 | 0.18 | 1.30 ± 0.75 | 1.40 ± 0.71 | 1.32 ± 0.72 | 0.52 |
| CRP (mg/l) | 1.50 ± 0.34 | 1.61 ± 0.44 | 1.58 ± 0.46 | 0.13 | 1.80 ± 0.53 | 1.73 ± 0.38 | 1.87 ± 0.66 | 0.22 |
| Non enzymatic antioxidant parameters | ||||||||
| Uric Acid (µmol/l) | 323.13 ± 120.6 | 313.69 ± 108.9 | 314.83 ± 132.6 | 0.82 | 319.4 ± 123.7 | 329.5 ± 123.5 | 323.1 ± 120.5 | 0.76 |
| Total bilirubin (µmol/l) | 14.12 ± 6.57 | 13.32 ± 6.52 | 13.16 ± 7.20 | 0.56 | 12.88 ± 6.90 | 13.50 ± 6.70 | 13.07 ± 6.32 | 0.71 |
| Direct bilirubin (µmol/l) | 5.34 ± 2.39 | 5.91 ± 2.09 | 5.53 ± 2.25 | 0.11 | 5.16 ± 2.14 | 5.37 ± 2.02 | 4.77 ± 2.71 | 0.28 |
| Albumin (g/l) | 42.46 ± 6.28 | 43.06 ± 4.47 | 41.88 ± 7.33 | 0.3 | 40.89 ± 5.99 | 41.44 ± 4.65 | 43.15 ± 10.47 | 0.14 |
| Iron (µmol/l) | 18.35 ± 5.07 | 17.34 ± 5.37 | 18.34 ± 6.32 | 0.23 | 18.58 ± 5.65 | 17.33 ± 4.91 | 18.07 ± 7.10 | 0.12 |
| Enzymatic antioxidant parameters | ||||||||
| SOD activity (U/gHb) | 1392.6 ± 219.3 | 1285.3 ± 188.9 | 979.4 ± 220.4 | <10 −4 | – | – | ‒ | ‒ |
| GPx activity (U/gHb) | – | – | – | – | 40.22 ± 12.79 | 42.91 ± 13.17 | 39.01 ± 11.97 | 0.1 |
| TAS (mmol/l) | 1.51 ± 0.27 | 1.53 ± 0.31 | 1.42 ± 0.33 | 0.006 | 1.54 ± 0.29 | 1.50 ± 0.28 | 1.41 ± 0.35 | 0.002 |
*P < 0.05 was required for statistical significance