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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Health Behav Policy Rev. 2016 Jan 1;3(1):13–20. doi: 10.14485/HBPR.3.1.2

Table 1. Sample characteristics by tobacco product use status.

Characteristic N % Non-Smoker (n=483), % Exclusive Smoker (n=488), % Smokeless User (n=341), % Dual User (n=500), %
Sex
Men 954 52.6 44.1 39.3 72.7 60.2
Women 858 47.4 55.9 60.7 27.3 39.8
Age, years
18-29 520 28.7 17.2 16.0 41.1 43.8
30-44 588 32.5 27.3 28.3 37.5 38.0
45-59 411 22.7 28.8 30.1 16.4 13.8
60+ 293 16.2 26.7 25.6 5.0 4.4
Race
White 755 41.7 53.0 48.8 56.9 13.4
Black or African American 500 27.6 20.1 26.8 19.1 41.4
American Indian or Alaska Native 70 3.9 2.7 4.5 2.9 5.0
Asian 353 19.5 18.6 11.9 14.7 31.0
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander 47 2.6 .8 2.3 2.3 4.8
Multiple Races 51 2.8 4.3 3.1 1.2 2.2
Unknown 36 2.0 .4 2.7 2.9 2.2
Ethnicity
Hispanic 266 14.7 8.7 13.9 12.6 22.6
Not Hispanic 1535 84.7 90.7 85.5 87.4 76.6
Education
High school or less 397 21.9 19.7 24.8 24.3 19.6
Some college 503 27.8 21.9 27.0 38.7 26.6
Bachelor's degree or higher 912 50.3 58.4 48.2 37.0 53.8
Income per year
<25K 501 27.6 24.6 28.9 24.3 23.8
25-59.9K 726 40.1 40.0 41.6 38.7 40.8
>60K 585 32.3 35.4 29.5 37.0 35.4
Region
Northeast 343 18.9 16.4 18.4 15.8 24.0
Midwest 363 20.0 20.5 19.3 22.0 19.0
South 687 37.9 37.5 37.7 43.7 34.6
West 419 23.1 25.7 24.6 18.5 22.4