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. 2016 Apr 13;6:19612. doi: 10.1038/srep19612

Figure 3. Study design of the MBD-5D.

Figure 3

The study has a “whole cohort” (large solid circle) comprising all patients enrolled and a “subcohort” (dotted circle) comprising a randomly selected 40% of the whole cohort. From 86 facilities, all 8,229 dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism were registered, and 3,276 were selected into the subcohort. Data were collected prospectively from the subcohort, and retrospectively from those outside the subcohort who died. In total, there were 1,226 deaths due to any cause (small solid circle with gray color) and 462 deaths due to cardiovascular disease. As for death due to any cause, data from 3,996 patients (3,276 patients in the subcohort, among whom there were 506 deaths, together with 720 deaths among patients outside the subcohort) were analyzed as a case-cohort study. Similarly, as for death due to cardiovascular disease, data from 3,547 patients (3,276 patients in the subcohort, among whom there were 191 deaths, together with 271 deaths among patients outside the subcohort) were analyzed as a case-cohort study. As for cardiovascular hospitalization or death due to any cause, 1,054 cases were observed in the subcohort, and data from 3,276 subcohort patients were analyzed as a cohort study. CV: cardiovascular.