Table 4.
Associationsa between maternal prenatal urinary phthalate component scores and child body composition and waist circumference outcomes at age 7 years.
| Phthalate component | Percent body fat | Fat mass index | Waist circumference | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Girls (n = 164) β (95% CI) p-value | Boys (n = 142) β (95% CI) p-value | p-intb | Girls (n = 164) β (95% CI) p-value | Boys (n = 142) β (95% CI) p-value | p-intb | Girls (n = 154) β (95% CI) p-value | Boys (n = 124) β (95% CI) p-value | p-intb | |
| Prenatal DEHP component score | –0.14 (–1.19, 0.92) 0.80 | –0.31 (–1.56, 0.94) 0.63 | NDc | –0.01 (–0.42, 0.39) 0.96 | –0.11 (–0.56, 0.34) 0.63 | NDc | –0.11 (–1.46, 1.25) 0.88 | –0.65 (–2.26, 0.97) 0.43 | NDc |
| Prenatal non-DEHP component score | 0.62 (–0.64, 1.88) 0.33 | –1.62 (–2.91, –0.34) 0.01 | 0.002 | 0.34 (–0.15, 0.82) 0.17 | –0.50 (–0.96, –0.04) 0.03 | 0.003 | 1.20 (–0.43, 2.84) 0.15 | –2.02 (–3.71, –0.32) 0.02 | 0.0002 |
| Abbreviations: DEHP, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; ND, not done. aAll analyses adjust for age (in months) at time of measurement, maternal prepregnancy obesity, birth weight, maternal race/ethnicity, receipt of public assistance during pregnancy, and urinary specific gravity. The DEHP and non-DEHP component score variables are entered into the same regression model and thus the results are mutually adjusted. The β coefficient reflects the average difference in the outcome variable per unit difference in component score. bp for interaction with sex. cInteraction test not performed because stratified analyses did not suggest heterogeneity of effect sizes by child sex. | |||||||||