Table 2.
Characteristics of patients with diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose and normal blood glucose
| Normal blood glucose n=791 | Impaired fasting glucose n=50 | Diabetes mellitus n=52 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | p-value | |
| HIV-type | NS | |||
| HIV-1 | 504 (63.7) | 30 (60.0) | 22 (42.3) | |
| HIV-2 | 80 (10.1) | 9 (18.0) | 6 (11.5) | |
| HIV-1/2 | 48 (6.1) | 3 (6.0) | 3 (5.8) | |
| Unknown | 159 (20.1) | 8 (16.0) | 21 (40.4) | |
| Sex | NS | |||
| Female | 496 (62.7) | 33 (66.0) | 33 (63.5) | |
| Male | 294 (37.2) | 17 (34.0) | 19 (36.5) | |
| Unknown | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Age | 0.05 | |||
| ≤30 years | 218 (27.6) | 11 (22.0) | 8 (15.4) | |
| 31–40 years | 293 (37.0) | 14 (28.0) | 16 (30.8) | |
| 41–50 years | 164 (20.7) | 14 (28.0) | 18 (34.6) | |
| ≥51 years | 110 (13.9) | 11 (22.0) | 10 (19.2) | |
| Unknown | 6 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| CD4 | 0.02 | |||
| ≤200 cells/µl | 346 (43.7) | 13 (26.0) | 17 (32.7) | |
| 201–350 cells/µl | 186 (23.5) | 10 (20.0) | 13 (25.0) | |
| ≥351 cells/µl | 228 (28.8) | 24 (48.0) | 20 (38.5) | |
| Unknown | 31 (3.9) | 3 (6.0) | 2 (3.9) | |
| Body mass index | <0.01 | |||
| ≤18.5 kg/m² | 300 (37.9) | 8 (16.0) | 17 (32.7) | |
| >18.5–20 kg/m² | 126 (15.9) | 6 (12.0) | 6 (11.5) | |
| >20–25 kg/m² | 269 (34.0) | 22 (44.0) | 17 (32.7) | |
| >25 kg/m² | 72 (9.1) | 12 (24.0) | 11 (21.2) | |
| Unknown | 24 (3.0) | 2 (4.0) | 1 (1.9) | |
| Ethnicity | <0.01 | |||
| Pepel | 67 (8.5) | 9 (18.0) | 8 (15.4) | |
| Fula | 158 (20.0) | 17 (34.0) | 19 (36.5) | |
| Mandinga | 85 (10.8) | 2 (4.0) | 2 (3.9) | |
| Manjaco | 64 (8.1) | 5 (10.0) | 5 (9.6) | |
| Mancanha | 62 (7.8) | 5 (10.0) | 2 (3.9) | |
| Balanta | 178 (22.5) | 7 (14.0) | 9 (17.3) | |
| Othera | 168 (21.2) | 5 (10.0) | 7 (13.5) | |
| Unknown | 9 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Attended schoolb | NS | |||
| No | 272 (34.4) | 20 (40.0) | 15 (28.9) | |
| Primary | 234 (29.6) | 12 (24.0) | 17 (32.7) | |
| Secondary | 130 (16.4) | 9 (18.0) | 9 (17.3) | |
| Tertiary | 146 (18.5) | 8 (16.0) | 11 (21.2) | |
| Unknown | 9 (1.1) | 1 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Smoking | NS | |||
| No | 670 (84.7) | 46 (92.0) | 44 (84.6) | |
| Yes | 113 (14.3) | 4 (8.0) | 7 (13.5) | |
| Previouslyc | 7 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Unknown | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.9) | |
| Family history of diabetes | <0.01 | |||
| No | 620 (78.4) | 40 (80.0) | 29 (55.8) | |
| Yes | 81 (10.2) | 7 (14.0) | 14 (26.9) | |
| Unknown | 90 (11.4) | 3 (60) | 9 (17.3) |
NS: not significant.
a Other ethnicities: Beafada, Bijago, Caboverdeano, Felupe, other and mixed.
b Koran school not included.
c No patients reporting previous smoking were diabetic.