Figure 8. TGF-β-facilitated tumor growth through increased tumor-derived Nrp-1⁺ Treg cells is less important than IL10-affected Treg cell formation.

(A,B) Percentages of the different T cell subpopulations gated on lymphocytes (FSC/SSC). IL-10 was more important than TGF-β for increasing the CD4⁺Foxp3⁺iTreg cell population in the tumor and spleen microenvironment, as measured by flow cytometry. (C) The frequency of Nrp-1–expressing Foxp3⁺ Treg cells from WT or IL10^−/− tumor-bearing mice blocked with or without TGF-β1 was determined within tumors or spleens by flow cytometry gating on CD4⁺Foxp3⁺cells³². These data show that TGF-β increased the ability of tumor-derived Nrp-1⁺CD4⁺Foxp3⁺T cells to support tumor growth. Panel (A) Evaluated using Student’s t-test to determine statistical significance with *P < 0.05 between experimental groups. The data are expressed as the mean values ± SEM from n = 3–4 mice. Panels (B,C) Evaluated using ANOVA, *P < 0.05, ±SEM from n = 3–4 mice.