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. 2016 Apr 14;2:10. doi: 10.1186/s40851-016-0046-3

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© Suzuki et al. 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Phylogenetic relationships among vertebrates and gross anatomy of extra-ocular muscles. a A phylogenetic tree of the vertebrates. The hagfishes lack extra-ocular muscles. b Gross anatomy of the extra-ocular muscles of the lamprey (Lethenteron camtschaticum) and shark (Scyliorhinus torazame). Asterisks indicate the optic nerve. The extra-ocular muscles are colored based on their innervation nerve: the oculomotor (III), yellow, trochlear (IV), red; abducens (IV), blue, respectively