The inhibitory effects of insecticides on the depolarization-evoked increase in [Ca2+]i. At 10μM, α-cypermethrin, cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, and endosulfan effectively inhibited the TR (depolarization-evoked increase in [Ca2+]i after exposure compared with depolarization-evoked increase in [Ca2+]i before exposure), whereas imidacloprid induced only a modest inhibition of the TR. Data represent mean ± SEM (n = 38–206, N = 4–22). * indicates a significant difference compared with control (p < 0.05).