Table 3. Summary findings of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.

Measurement tool	First author, year	Prevalence
Medical records	Wu Y, 2007	6/36 (16.7%) with confirmed ADC
Neuropsychological test battery	Heaton, 2008; Cysique, 2010	Baseline: HIV+: 36.8% (HIV-monoinfected: 34.2%; HIV/HCV coinfected: 39.7%); HIV-: 19.3% (HCV-monoinfected: 37.2%; controls: 12.7%); 1-year follow-up (NP decline): HIV+: 27.6%; HIV-: 5%.
	Wright, 2008	4% in Beijing; 23% in Hong Kong
	Zhang, 2012	50/134 (37.31%)
	Dwyer, 2014	69.4%
International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS)	Zhang, 2012	52/134 = 38.1% (ANI: 22.4%; MND: 11.9%; HAD: 4.5%)
	Zhao, 2013	37.4(ANI: 18.2%; MND: 10.9%; HAD: 8.3%)
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)	Zhen, 2013	52.2% (MoCA≥26)
Hong Kong List Learning Test (HKLLT)	Au, 2008	(Mild memory impairment) Total learning: 18%; 10-min Delay Recall: 28%; 30-min Delay Recall: 29%; Discriminability: 13%.

Notes: ADC: AIDS dementia complex; NP decline: Neuropsychological decline; ANI: asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment; MND: neurocognitive disorder; HAD: HIV-associated dementia