Table 3. Summary findings of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.
Measurement tool | First author, year | Prevalence |
---|---|---|
Medical records | Wu Y, 2007 | 6/36 (16.7%) with confirmed ADC |
Neuropsychological test battery | Heaton, 2008; Cysique, 2010 | Baseline: HIV+: 36.8% (HIV-monoinfected: 34.2%; HIV/HCV coinfected: 39.7%); HIV-: 19.3% (HCV-monoinfected: 37.2%; controls: 12.7%); 1-year follow-up (NP decline): HIV+: 27.6%; HIV-: 5%. |
Wright, 2008 | 4% in Beijing; 23% in Hong Kong | |
Zhang, 2012 | 50/134 (37.31%) | |
Dwyer, 2014 | 69.4% | |
International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS) | Zhang, 2012 | 52/134 = 38.1% (ANI: 22.4%; MND: 11.9%; HAD: 4.5%) |
Zhao, 2013 | 37.4(ANI: 18.2%; MND: 10.9%; HAD: 8.3%) | |
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) | Zhen, 2013 | 52.2% (MoCA≥26) |
Hong Kong List Learning Test (HKLLT) | Au, 2008 | (Mild memory impairment) Total learning: 18%; 10-min Delay Recall: 28%; 30-min Delay Recall: 29%; Discriminability: 13%. |
Notes: ADC: AIDS dementia complex; NP decline: Neuropsychological decline; ANI: asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment; MND: neurocognitive disorder; HAD: HIV-associated dementia