Table 2.
Phenotypic variation of ‘Perennial’, ‘Dempsey’, and RILs grown in four different environments
| Trait | 2011 |
2012a |
2012b |
2014 |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P | D | RIL | P | D | RIL | P | D | RIL | P | D | RIL | |
| Plant architecture | ||||||||||||
| Plant height | 132 | 53.5 | 139 ± 24.9a | 208 ± 2.5 | 128 ± 6.0 | 165 ± 26.6 | 157 ± 5.1 | 89 ± 1.2 | 130 ± 40.5 | 161 ± 3.3 | 60 ± 1.2 | 126 ± 26.9 |
| Plant width | 46 | 30 | 81 ± 12.4 | 64 ± 6.0 | 86 ± 2.5 | 86 ± 17.8 | 68 ± 5.0 | 63 ± 1.2 | 72 ± 9.8 | 68 ± 5.2 | 57 ± 6.2 | 65 ± 9.8 |
| Main stem length | –b | – | – | 41 ± 4.5 | 20 ± 1.0 | 25 ± 7.8 | 33 ± 1.2 | 21 ± 2.1 | 23 ± 6.8 | 38 ± 4.4 | 23 ± 0.6 | 25 ± 7.0 |
| Stem thickness | – | – | – | 2 ± 0.2 | 3 ± 0.4 | 2 ± 0.3 | 1 ± 0.0 | 2 ± 0.0 | 1 ± 0.2 | 1 ± 0.0 | 1 ± 0.0 | 1 ± 0.1 |
| Lateral branch number | – | – | – | 22 ± 1.5 | 12 ± 1.0 | 13 ± 2.3 | 20 ± 0.8 | 7 ± 0.5 | 13 ± 2.9 | 19 ± 2.1 | 14 ± 0.8 | 13 ± 3.0 |
| Internode length | – | – | – | 9 ± 2.3 | 10 ± 2.3 | 9 ± 2.4 | 16 ± 0.5 | 4 ± 1.1 | 6 ± 2.4 | 10 ± 2.1 | 6 ± 0.5 | 8 ± 2.3 |
| Stem colour | 2 | 1 | 1 ± 0.4 | – | – | – | 2 | 1 | 2 ± 0.8 | 2 | 1 | 2 ± 0.8 |
| Leaf | ||||||||||||
| Leaf length | 12.3 | 12.8 | 8 ± 1.6 | 12 ± 0.5 | 18 ± 1.0 | 11 ± 1.2 | 8 ± 0.1 | 14 ± 0.8 | 11 ± 1.5 | 12 ± 0.2 | 16 ± 0.6 | 13 ± 1.6 |
| Leaf width | 4.7 | 8.4 | 4 ± 1.0 | 7 ± 0.3 | 10 ± 0.0 | 7 ± 0.9 | 5 ± 0.3 | 8 ± 0.4 | 6 ± 1.0 | 6 ± 0.1 | 9 ± 0.7 | 7 ± 1.0 |
| Flower | ||||||||||||
| Flower size | 2 | 3 | 2 ± 0.4 | – | – | – | 1 | 3 | 2 ± 0.5 | 1 | 3 | 2 ± 0.5 |
| Stamen number | 6 | 6 | 5 ± 0.5 | – | – | – | 5 | 6 | 5 ± 0.5 | 5 | 6 | 5 ± 0.5 |
| Fruit | ||||||||||||
| Fruit length | 1.8 | 5.8 | 7 ± 1.6 | – | – | 6 ± 1.9 | 3 ± 0.3 | 8 ± 0.3 | 6 ± 1.7 | 3 ± 0.1 | 8 ± 0.4 | 6 ± 1.8 |
| Fruit diameter | 1.8 | 5.3 | 2 ± 0.8 | – | – | 2 ± 0.8 | 1 ± 0.0 | 8 ± 0.1 | 2 ± 0.6 | 1 ± 0.0 | 8 ± 0.1 | 2 ± 0.6 |
| Fruit shape | 1 | 1.1 | 3 ± 1.2 | – | – | 3 ± 1.4 | 4 | 1 | 3 ± 1.5 | 4 | 1 | 3 ± 1.4 |
| Fruit weight | 1.4 | 37.5 | 11 ± 7.2 | 1 | 90 | 10 ± 6.4 | 1 ± 0.0 | 115 ± 23.2 | 7 ± 4.0 | 1 ± 0.0 | 116 ± 9.6 | 6 ± 3.5 |
| Fruit position | 1 | 3 | 2 ± 0.9 | 1 | 3 | 2 ± 0.9 | 1 | 3 | 2 ± 0.9 | 1 | 3 | 2 ± 0.9 |
| Calyx shape | 1 | 3 | 2 ± 0.6 | 1 | 3 | 2 ± 0.6 | 1 | 3 | 2 ± 0.8 | 1 | 3 | 2 ± 0.8 |
| Immature fruit colour | 2 | 2 | 2 ± 0.0 | 2 | 2 | 2 ± 0.0 | 2 | 2 | 1 ± 0.5 | 2 | 2 | 1 ± 0.5 |
P, Perennial; D, Dempsey.
aMean ± standard deviation.
bPhenotypes were not evaluated.