Table 4.
QTLs controlling morphological traits detected in more than two environments
| Trait | Year | QTL | Chr. | Location (cM) | LOD | R2 (%) | Direction | Additive effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plant height | 2012a, 2014 | PH-2 | 2 | 92.7–100.9 | 3.7–4.0 | 11.1–11.8 | + | 9.2–10.0 |
| 2011, 2014 | PH-4 | 4 | 96.2–102.3 | 2.3–2.6 | 7.8–10.0 | − | 8.3–10.4 | |
| 2011, 2012a, 2012b, 2014 | PH-6 | 6 | 63.2–80.2 | 2.1–3.4 | 6.4–11.6 | + | 7.8–12.8 | |
| 2011, 2012b, 2014 | PH-7 | 7 | 77.3–90.9 | 2.6–3.4 | 8.3–11.2 | + | 9.5–13.8 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | PH-8.1 | 8 | 3.8–21.1 | 2.6–2.8 | 5.6–8.3 | + | 9.3–11.7 | |
| 2011, 2012b, 2014 | PH-8.2 | 8 | 37.2–54.8 | 2.4–2.9 | 5.9–8.6 | − | 10.7–13.8 | |
| Plant width | 2012b, 2014 | PW-2 | 2 | 34.5–44.9 | 2.2–2.4 | 7.1–8.0 | − | 3.0–4.4 |
| 2012b, 2014 | PW-5 | 5 | 33.3–41.2 | 2.4–3.6 | 8.6–12.5 | + | 3.5–6.0 | |
| Main stem length | 2012b, 2014 | MSL-7 | 7 | 47.2–51.5 | 2.4–5.2 | 8.8–18.6 | + | 2.6–4.0 |
| 2012b, 2014 | MSL-8.1 | 8 | 84.2–94.9 | 4.6–6.3 | 14.0–18.3 | + | 3.3–4.5 | |
| 2012a, 2014 | MSL-8.2 | 8 | 111.1–133.2 | 2.2–4.3 | 7.4–13.4 | − | 2.6–3.0 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | MSL-10 | 10 | 58.4–62.6 | 2.6–3.3 | 8.7–12.3 | − | 5.9–7.5 | |
| 2012a, 2014 | MSL-11 | 11 | 76.9–82.7 | 2.6–2.7 | 9.8–10.4 | − | 2.8–3.0 | |
| 2012a, 2014 | MSL-12 | 12 | 57.8–63.0 | 1.9–2.6 | 6.5–9.9 | − | 2.6–3.0 | |
| Lateral branch number | 2012a, 2012b, 2014 | LBN-2.1 | 2 | 91.4–98.3 | 4.6–12.5 | 16.0–40.0 | + | 0.9–1.9 |
| 2012a, 2012b, 2014 | LBN-2.2 | 2 | 99.7–104.5 | 2.8–6.4 | 10.1–23.1 | + | 0.7–1.4 | |
| Internode length | 2012a, 2014 | INL-1 | 1 | 28.8–32.9 | 2.6–2.9 | 9.2–11.0 | + | 0.8–0.9 |
| 2012a, 2012b, 2014 | INL-2 | 2 | 82.3–90.8 | 3.2–4.8 | 11.0–16.9 | + | 0.8–1.0 | |
| 2012a, 2012b | INL-6.1 | 6 | 0.0–4.9 | 2.4–3.6 | 7.5–11.9 | + | 0.7–0.8 | |
| 2012a, 2014 | INL-6.2 | 6 | 25.8–37.2 | 2.2–3.1 | 7.4–10.2 | + | 0.7–0.8 | |
| 2012a, 2012b | INL-10 | 10 | 0.6–22.5 | 2.1–2.4 | 7.1–7.4 | + | 0.7–0.8 | |
| Stem colour | 2012b, 2014 | SC-2 | 2 | 17.6–22.3 | 3.0 | 11.4 | − | 0.5 |
| 2012b, 2014 | SC-4 | 4 | 34.7–41.0 | 2.6 | 9.7 | + | 0.3 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | SC-7 | 7 | 0.0–2.5 | 3.2 | 10.4 | − | 0.3 | |
| 2011, 2012b, 2014 | SC-9 | 9 | 51.8–59.6 | 2.4–3.4 | 9.3–10.3 | + | 0.1–0.6 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | SC-11 | 11 | 24.3–28.9 | 3.3 | 11.6 | + | 0.3 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | SC-12 | 12 | 61.1–71.1 | 2.8 | 11.1 | + | 0.5 | |
| Leaf length | 2012b, 2014 | LL-6 | 6 | 42.0–52.7 | 2.3–4.5 | 8.7–16.6 | + | 0.6–0.7 |
| 2012b, 2014 | LL-9 | 9 | 75.3–84.9 | 2.2–6.2 | 7.7–20.8 | − | 0.6–0.8 | |
| 2012a, 2014 | LL-11.1 | 11 | 47.3–57.1 | 2.3–4.2 | 7.9–16.1 | + | 0.4–1.0 | |
| 2012a, 2012b, 2014 | LL-11.2 | 11 | 65.3–82.4 | 2.4–3.6 | 8.0–12.3 | − | 0.4–0.9 | |
| Leaf width | 2012a, 2014 | LW-8 | 8 | 56.7–70.6 | 2.3–5.8 | 9.8–18.2 | − | 0.4–0.5 |
| Flower size | 2012b, 2014 | FLS-1 | 1 | 113.7–115.9 | 5.8 | 19.6 | − | 0.3 |
| 2012b, 2014 | FLS-2 | 2 | 60.2–63.9 | 2.8 | 9.0 | − | 0.2 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | FLS-3.1 | 3 | 18.2–23.3 | 3.7 | 11.3 | − | 0.2 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | FLS-3.2 | 3 | 70.7–74.7 | 2.9 | 9.0 | − | 0.2 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | FLS-3.3 | 3 | 89.1–93.7 | 2.6 | 7.8 | + | 0.2 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | FLS-7 | 7 | 46.8–53.1 | 2.4 | 8.8 | − | 0.1 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | FLS-8 | 8 | 89.7–96.6 | 2.7 | 12.2 | − | 0.2 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | FLS-10 | 10 | 57.0–58.4 | 2.4 | 8.7 | + | 0.5 | |
| Stamen number | 2012b, 2014 | STN-3 | 3 | 108.3–115.8 | 2.6 | 9.8 | − | 0.2 |
| 2012b, 2014 | STN-10 | 10 | 99.8–102.6 | 2.8 | 10.3 | − | 0.2 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | STN-11 | 11 | 31.0–36.2 | 2.3 | 8.5 | − | 0.2 | |
| Fruit length | 2011, 2012a, 2012b | FL-3.1 | 3 | 40.6–48.0 | 2.7–8.6 | 9.3–23.6 | + | 0.6–0.8 |
| 2011, 2012b | FL-3.2 | 3 | 48.5–52.1 | 4.4–10.0 | 14.4–26.7 | + | 0.9 | |
| 2012a, 2012b, 2014 | FL-3.3 | 3 | 54.1–60.8 | 2.5–6.3 | 8.5–21.3 | + | 0.6–0.9 | |
| 2011, 2012a, 2014 | FL-3.4 | 3 | 93.3–97.3 | 3.2–4.9 | 10.4–12.0 | − | 0.7–0.8 | |
| 2011, 2012a | FL-3.5 | 3 | 99.7–106.0 | 2.9–3.4 | 8.7–10.0 | − | 0.6–0.7 | |
| 2011, 2012a, 2012b, 2014 | FL-8 | 8 | 51.9–63.8 | 2.4–6.5 | 9.1–20.8 | + | 0.7–0.9 | |
| Fruit diameter | 2011, 2012a, 2012b, 2014 | FD-1 | 1 | 108.8–121.3 | 2.2–5.6 | 8.4–20.0 | − | 0.2–0.3 |
| 2012b, 2014 | FD-2 | 2 | 0.0–10.1 | 3.0–7.1 | 8.7–16.0 | + | 0.2–0.4 | |
| 2011, 2012a, 2012b, 2014 | FD-3.1 | 3 | 37.7–41.4 | 2.7–6.0 | 8.0–17.5 | − | 0.2–0.3 | |
| 2011, 2012a, 2012b, 2014 | FD-3.2 | 3 | 47.2–59.1 | 2.7–7.4 | 8.3–20.5 | − | 0.2–0.4 | |
| 2011, 2012b, 2014 | FD-11 | 11 | 21.5–24.6 | 2.1–2.8 | 7.7–10.1 | − | 0.2–0.3 | |
| Fruit shape | 2011, 2012a, 2012b, 2014 | FS-3.1 | 3 | 47.9–51.8 | 8.8–13.6 | 24.1–37.0 | + | 0.7–0.9 |
| 2011, 2012a, 2014 | FS-3.2 | 3 | 54.1–59.0 | 8.4–11.7 | 22.2–35.3 | + | 0.7–0.9 | |
| 2011, 2012a, 2012b, 2014 | FS-8 | 8 | 52.7–62.6 | 2.3–3.9 | 7.4–13.6 | + | 0.5–0.6 | |
| 2011, 2012b, 2014 | FS-11 | 11 | 23.4–32.2 | 2.5–2.8 | 9.6–10.2 | + | 0.5–0.6 | |
| Fruit weight | 2011, 2014 | FW-1 | 1 | 112.5–116.4 | 3.1–4.3 | 10.9–15.8 | − | 1.4–2.4 |
| 2012a, 2012b, 2014 | FW-2.1 | 2 | 0.0–8.0 | 2.9–3.0 | 9.8–11.4 | + | 1.4–2.9 | |
| 2011, 2014 | FW-2.2 | 2 | 64.3–73.1 | 2.2–3.5 | 6.6–12.1 | − | 1.2–2.0 | |
| 2011, 2012a | FW-3 | 3 | 47.6–62.5 | 3.4–3.7 | 9.8–12.7 | − | 2.3 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | FW-6.1 | 6 | 53.7–60.2 | 3.0 | 11.3–11.7 | − | 1.2–1.4 | |
| 2012a, 2014 | FW-6.2 | 6 | 59.8–68.1 | 2.2–2.3 | 6.8–8.5 | − | 1.0–1.7 | |
| Fruit position | 2011, 2012a, 2012b, 2014 | FP-1 | 1 | 103.7–117.7 | 3.1–3.8 | 10.2–14.3 | − | 0.3–0.4 |
| 2012b, 2014 | FP-4.1 | 4 | 35.1–42.6 | 3.3 | 11.0 | − | 0.3 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | FP-4.2 | 4 | 108.0–115.7 | 2.2 | 7.5 | − | 0.3 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | FP-12.1 | 12 | 49.0–50.5 | 20.0 | 53.6 | − | 0.7 | |
| 2011, 2012a, 2012b, 2014 | FP-12.2 | 12 | 57.7–58.6 | 12.7–26.9 | 40.2–63.9 | − | 0.6–0.8 | |
| 2011, 2012a | FP-12.3 | 12 | 65.7–68.1 | 4.4–17.1 | 11.6–47.0 | − | 0.5–0.7 | |
| Calyx shape | 2012b, 2014 | CS-1.1 | 1 | 109.0–115.4 | 3.7 | 12.9 | − | 0.3 |
| 2011, 2012a | CS-1.2 | 1 | 178.5–184.1 | 3.3–3.5 | 11.4–11.8 | − | 0.3 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | CS-3.1 | 3 | 4.9–15.1 | 2.2 | 7.8 | − | 0.2 | |
| 2011, 2012a | CS-3.2 | 3 | 15.1–20.3 | 2.6–3.5 | 8.0–10.2 | − | 0.2 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | CS-3.3 | 3 | 20.3–23.3 | 2.4 | 8.4 | − | 0.2 | |
| 2011, 2012a | CS-3.4 | 3 | 45.5–52.1 | 2.8–3.3 | 8.8–9.4 | − | 0.2–0.3 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | CS-3.5 | 3 | 54.1–59.1 | 3.3 | 11.1 | − | 0.3 | |
| 2011, 2012a | CS-5 | 5 | 53.1–56.0 | 2.8–3.1 | 10.8–11.3 | − | 0.3 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | CS-9 | 9 | 77.9–81.7 | 2.9 | 10.3 | − | 0.3 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | CS-11 | 11 | 9.8–14.2 | 2.6 | 9.5 | + | 0.3 | |
| Immature fruit colour | 2012b, 2014 | IFC-10.1 | 10 | 66.2–69.0 | 3.5 | 9.2 | − | 0.2 |
| 2012b, 2014 | IFC-10.2 | 10 | 75.7–81.8 | 14.3 | 40.2 | − | 0.3 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | IFC-10.3 | 10 | 82.6–86.1 | 5.8 | 19.3 | − | 0.2 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | IFC-11.1 | 11 | 6.8–13.8 | 2.3 | 8.2 | + | 0.2 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | IFC-11.2 | 11 | 81.3–85.6 | 2.6 | 8.8 | − | 0.2 | |
| 2012b, 2014 | IFC-12 | 12 | 17.5–24.1 | 3.2 | 11.3 | − | 0.2 |