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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol. 2016 Mar 7;5(3):363–376. doi: 10.1002/wdev.226

Figure 4. Regionalization and specification of individual cranial placodes from PPR.

Figure 4

Schematic depicting the major signaling pathways and some of the important genes involved in regionalization and specification of various cranial placodes from the pre-placodal region. Activation (green) and repression (magenta) of signaling pathways are color coded and the arrows indicate whether a signaling pathway is activated (↑) or inhibited (↓). BMP, Bone Morphogenetic Protein; FGF, Fibroblast Growth Factor; PDGF, Platelet Derived Growth Factor; RA, Retinoic Acid; SHH, Sonic hedgehog.