Table II.
Relationship of sociodemographic and clinical factors to early death in patients aged 0 to 39 years with acute myeloid leukaemia in California, 1988–2011
| Characteristics |
Adjusted OR1
(95% CI) 1988–2011 |
P-value* |
Adjusted OR2
(95% CI) 1996–2011 |
P-value* |
Adjusted OR3
(95% CI) 1996–2011 |
P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calendar period | ||||||
| 1988–1995 | 1.38 (1.04–1.83) | N/A | N/A | |||
| 1996–2003 | 1.22 (0.92–1.63) | 1.23 (0.92–1.64) | 1.20 (0.90–1.61) | |||
| 2004–2011 | 1 (reference) | 0.0799 | 1 (reference) | 0.1552 | 1 (reference) | 0.2208 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 1.11 (0.88–1.40) | 1.21 (0.91–1.62) | 1.20 (0.90–1.61) | |||
| Female | 1 (reference) | 0.3656 | 1 (reference) | 0.1908 | 1 (reference) | 0.2153 |
| Age at diagnosis, years | ||||||
| 0–9 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | |||
| 10–19 | 1.21 (0.82–1.40) | 1.16 (0.90–2.76) | 1.13 (0.70–1.81) | |||
| 20–29 | 1.64 (1.16–2.34) | 1.58 (1.03–2.42) | 1.44 (0.93–2.21) | |||
| 30–39 | 1.70 (1.22–2.38) | 0.0049 | 1.36 (0.89–2.06) | 0.1743 | 1.27 (0.84–1.94) | 0.3915 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | |||
| Non-Hispanic black | 1.15 (0.74–1.79) | 1.07 (0.58–1.97) | 1.06 (0.58–1.96) | |||
| Hispanic | 1.14 (0.86–1.49) | 1.22 (0.86–1.73) | 1.12 (0.78–1.61) | |||
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 0.65 (0.42–0.99) | 0.0599 | 0.66 (0.38–1.15) | 0.1533 | 0.66 (0.38–1.14) | 0.2791 |
| Neighbourhood socioeconomic status (quintiles) | ||||||
| 1. Lowest 20% | 1.57 (1.05–2.34) | 1.58 (0.90–2.76) | 1.54 (0.87–2.72) | |||
| 2. | 1.04 (0.68–1.57) | 1.29 (0.73–2.27) | 1.28 (0.72–2.26) | |||
| 3. Middle 20% | 1.18 (0.78–1.77) | 1.51 (0.86–1.73) | 1.53 (0.87–2.69) | |||
| 4. | 1.19 (0.78–1.81) | 1.54 (0.87–2.70) | 1.58 (0.90–2.80) | |||
| 5. Highest 20% | 1 (reference) | 0.0934 | 1 (reference) | 0.4512 | 1 (reference) | 0.4411 |
| Initial care at hospitals affiliated with NCI-designated cancer centres | ||||||
| Yes | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | |||
| No | 1.75 (1.28–2.39) | 0.0002 | 1.96 (1.32–2.92) | 0.0004 | 1.99 (1.33–2.97) | 0.0004 |
| Health insurance status (limited to patients diagnosed in 1996–2011, N=2632) | ||||||
| Uninsured | N/A | N/A | 2.91 (1.65–5.12) | |||
| Public | N/A | N/A | 1.03 (0.73–1.46) | |||
| Private | N/A | N/A | 1 (reference) | |||
| Unknown/NOS | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1.04 (0.01–0.43) | 0.0046 |
Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; NOS, not otherwise specified; NCI, National Cancer Institute. OR1: adjusted model without insurance (1988–2011); OR2: adjusted model without insurance (1996–2011); OR3: adjusted model with insurance (1996–2011).
*
Likelihood ratio test.