Table 5.

Network analysis of Russian nanotechnology publications

Measure	Definition	Transitional period (1990–2004)	National nanotechnology initiative (2005–2007)	Recent period (2008–2012)
Number of nodes	Number of author affiliation organisations	2076	1623	2670
Number of edges	Number of connection (i.e. co-publications) between nodes	7990	6503	12,421
Network diameter	Maximum number of connections (i.e. co-publications) required to traverse the graph	7	6	6
Graph density	Level of co-publications relative to the total possible value	0.004	0.005	0.003
Average path length	The shortest possible path between all organisations	2.45	2.46	2.48
Connected components	The number of weakly connected components	111	50	95
Average clustering co-efficient	Average level at which the organisations are grouped together	0.73	0.75	0.74
Betweenness centrality (RAS)	How often RAS lies on the shortest path between two other nodes	0.70	0.74	0.68
Normalised degree centrality (RAS)	Number of connections from RAS divided by all possible connections	0.69	0.70	0.69

Source Web of Science. See text for details. N = 33,538 publication records