Table 2.
Country-level Fixed Effects Regression Models Predicting Tuberculosis Prevalence, Incidence, and Mortality Rates (N=664)
| Prevalence Rate (per 100,000) | Incidence Rate (per 100,000) | Mortality Rate (per 100,000) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| β | β | β | |
| Social protection, excluding health (percent of GDP) | −18·33** (p= 0·009) | −8·16* (p= 0·043) | −5·48** (p= 0·006) |
| Social protection2 | 0·56* (p= 0·049) | 0·23 (p= 0·156) | 0·18* (p= 0·027) |
| GDP per capita (2014 US$, thousands) | −1·75* (p= 0·034) | −0·90 (p= 0·058) | −0·17 (p= 0·469) |
| Adult HIV rate (per 1,000 adults) | 5·54*** (p= 0·000) | 7·22*** (p= 0·000) | 3·47*** (p= 0·000) |
| Health expenditure(percent of GDP) | −2·51 (p= 0·593) | −1·87 (p= 0·488) | −1·15 (p= 0·384) |
| Population density (persons per sq. km.) | −0·016 (p= 0·831) | −0·001 (p= 0·981) | 0·007 (p= 0·731) |
| Foreign-born (percent of population) | 12·27 (p= 0·074) | 5·55 (p= 0·159) | 0·51 (p= 0·789) |
| TB treatment success rate (percent of new cases) | −0·70 (p= 0·131) | −0·15 (p= 0·584) | −0·28* (p= 0·031) |
Notes:
*
p<0.05
**
p<0.01
***
p<0.001. Social protection and its squared term are jointly significant at the .05 level in all three models.