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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Apr 17.
Published in final edited form as: J Immunol. 2014 Dec 15;194(3):1090–1099. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402401

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

α-Toc reduces human PMN transepithelial migration in response to pneumococcal infection. (A) Outline of the in vitro migration assay. (B) Polarized H292 epithelial cells were pretreated overnight, whereas PMNs (which are short-lived cells) were pretreated for 1 h with α-Toc or vehicle control (Veh. cntrl; see Materials and Methods). The cells were then washed to remove any free α-Toc before the start of the migration assay. The number of PMNs that migrated from the basolateral to the apical side in response to pneumococcal infection (+S. pneumoniae) or media only (uninfected) were measured by MPO ELISA. Representative data from one of three separate experiments performed, where each condition was tested in triplicate per experiment, are shown. **p < 0.001 indicates means significantly different by unpaired Student t test.