Fig. 3.

Effect of MPP⁺ on Mouse primary mast cells and mouse astrocyte co-culture. BMMCs and mouse astrocytes were co-cultured in tissue culture plates to evaluate the effect of MPP⁺ (10 μM) stimulation individually on either BMMCs or astrocytes or in a co-culture system consisting of both BMMCs and astrocytes in the same wells (n=4). Cells were incubated with MPP⁺ for 24 h and CCL2 levels were measured in the supernatant media by ELISA. More CCL2 release was observed from astrocyte and BMMCs co-culture system than released either from astrocytes culture alone or BMMCs culture alone after incubation with MPP⁺. #=p<0.05, compared to astrocytes+MPP⁺ or BMMCs+MPP⁺. *=p<0.05, compared to respective unstimulated control cells, ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer.