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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Calcium. 2015 Dec 15;59(2-3):98–107. doi: 10.1016/j.ceca.2015.12.002

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Schematic of cardiac Ca2+ signaling. Top panel show Ca fluxes (green arrows) generated by dyadic junctions (box), Na+/Ca2+ exchangers (NCX, INCX), sarco- and endoplasmic reticular Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA), inositol triphosphate receptor (IP3R), and mitochondria in relation to the cell membrane, the transverse tubular system (t) and the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). All are shown superimposed on the contractile filaments to signify the regulation of cellular contraction and relaxation by cytosolic Ca2+. The lower diagram shows key proteins within dyadic junctions where clusters of Ca2+ release channels (ryanodine receptors, RyR2) in the SR membrane are functionally and structurally associated with Ca2+ channels (DHP receptors, L-type Ca2+ current, ICa) in t-tubules, calsequestrin (CASQ2) in SR and, triadin (TRDN), junction (JNCT), and FKBP (calstabin) in association with RyR2.