Table 3. Non-hierarchical and hierarchical AMOVAs for AFLP variation based on several groupings of B. occultum populations from Madagascar and La Réunion.

Grouping/source of variation	df	Sum of squares	Variance components	Percentage of total variance	Φ-Statistic a
Total
Among populations	21	533.183	2.33	38.7	ΦPT=0.387
Within populations	184	677.71	3.68	61.3	NC
Madagascar
Among populations	12	290.335	2.05	31.9	ΦPT=0.341
Within populations	114	447.161	3.96	68.1	NC
La Réunion
Among populations	8	143.034	1.7	35.9	ΦPT=0.359
Within populations	70	211.953	3.03	64.1	NC
Madagascar vs La Réunion
Among regions	1	118.41	1	15.3	ΦCT=0.153
Among populations	20	414.773	1.83	28.1	ΦSC=0.332
Within populations	184	677.71	3.68	56.6	ΦPT=0.430
Eight barriers (total) b
Among regions	7	406.405	2.1	33	ΦCT=0.330
Among populations	14	126.778	0.6	9.3	ΦSC=0.142
Within populations	184	677.71	3.68	57.7	ΦPT=0.420
Five barriers (Madagascar) b
Among regions	4	201.057	2.03	30.6	ΦCT=0.306
Among populations	8	70.682	0.52	7.8	ΦSC=0.110
Within populations	114	465.757	4.09	61.6	ΦPT=0.380
Three COEs (Madagascar) c
Among regions	2	79.277	0.45	7.3	ΦCT=0.073
Among populations	10	192.462	1.61	26.2	ΦSC=0.281
Within populations	114	465.757	4.09	66.5	ΦPT=0.340

Abbreviations: AMOVAs, analyses of molecular variance; df=degrees of freedom; NC=not computed.

^aAll Φ-values were significant (P<0.001) based on 9999 permutations.

^bPopulation grouping based on areas defined by the BARRIER analysis (see Figure 2).

^cPopulation grouping based on three ‘Centres of Endemism' (COEs; Wilmé et al., 2006) (see Table 1).