Table 3. Non-hierarchical and hierarchical AMOVAs for AFLP variation based on several groupings of B. occultum populations from Madagascar and La Réunion.
Grouping/source of variation | df | Sum of squares | Variance components | Percentage of total variance | Φ-Statistic a |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | |||||
Among populations | 21 | 533.183 | 2.33 | 38.7 | ΦPT=0.387 |
Within populations | 184 | 677.71 | 3.68 | 61.3 | NC |
Madagascar | |||||
Among populations | 12 | 290.335 | 2.05 | 31.9 | ΦPT=0.341 |
Within populations | 114 | 447.161 | 3.96 | 68.1 | NC |
La Réunion | |||||
Among populations | 8 | 143.034 | 1.7 | 35.9 | ΦPT=0.359 |
Within populations | 70 | 211.953 | 3.03 | 64.1 | NC |
Madagascar vs La Réunion | |||||
Among regions | 1 | 118.41 | 1 | 15.3 | ΦCT=0.153 |
Among populations | 20 | 414.773 | 1.83 | 28.1 | ΦSC=0.332 |
Within populations | 184 | 677.71 | 3.68 | 56.6 | ΦPT=0.430 |
Eight barriers (total) b | |||||
Among regions | 7 | 406.405 | 2.1 | 33 | ΦCT=0.330 |
Among populations | 14 | 126.778 | 0.6 | 9.3 | ΦSC=0.142 |
Within populations | 184 | 677.71 | 3.68 | 57.7 | ΦPT=0.420 |
Five barriers (Madagascar) b | |||||
Among regions | 4 | 201.057 | 2.03 | 30.6 | ΦCT=0.306 |
Among populations | 8 | 70.682 | 0.52 | 7.8 | ΦSC=0.110 |
Within populations | 114 | 465.757 | 4.09 | 61.6 | ΦPT=0.380 |
Three COEs (Madagascar) c | |||||
Among regions | 2 | 79.277 | 0.45 | 7.3 | ΦCT=0.073 |
Among populations | 10 | 192.462 | 1.61 | 26.2 | ΦSC=0.281 |
Within populations | 114 | 465.757 | 4.09 | 66.5 | ΦPT=0.340 |
Abbreviations: AMOVAs, analyses of molecular variance; df=degrees of freedom; NC=not computed.
All Φ-values were significant (P<0.001) based on 9999 permutations.
Population grouping based on areas defined by the BARRIER analysis (see Figure 2).
Population grouping based on three ‘Centres of Endemism' (COEs; Wilmé et al., 2006) (see Table 1).