Table 4.
Variables Affecting Mental Health Outcomes of Local Staff Respondents Working in the Vanni Region, Sri Lanka, August, 2011
| Depression AOR (95% CI) | Anxiety AOR (95% CI) | Probable PTSD AOR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||
| Female | 0.66 (0.30–1.44) | 1.66 (0.92–2.99) | 1.093 (0.55–2.19) |
| Male (reference) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Marital Status | |||
| Not married | 0.94 (0.44–1.99) | 0.70 (0.40–1.23) | 0.89 (0.46–1.70) |
| Married | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Age Group | |||
| 35–54 vs. 15–34 | 0.92 (0.38–2.19) | 0.39 (0.19–0.81) | 0.77 (0.34–1.75) |
| 55+ vs. 15–34 | 0.05 (0.00–0.66) | 0.13 (0.02–1.09)* | — |
| 15–34 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Education | |||
| University/postgrad | 4.14 (1.13–15.18)* | 1.26 (0.45–3.54) | 0.83 (0.28–2.44) |
| High school/vocational | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Employment duration | |||
| <1 year | 1.09 (0.49–2.42) | 1.48 (0.80–2.74) | 1.45 (0.73–2.89) |
| >1 year | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Organization type | |||
| NNGO vs. INGO | 0.12 (0.02–0.87)*** | 1.53 (0.52–4.51) | 0.73 (0.29–2.49) |
| RC vs. INGO | 0.61 (0.06–5.78)*** | 1.25 (0.29–5.34) | 0.55 (0.09–3.44) |
| UN vs. INGO | 0.01 (<0.001–0.09)*** | 0.74 (0.17–3.12) | 0.36 (0.07–1.93) |
| INGO | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Manager | 0.35 (0.12–1.00)* | 1.82 (0.78–4.25) | 0.82 (0.35–1.95) |
| Nonmanager | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Religion | |||
| Buddhist | 0.35 (0.01–1.24) | 0.67 (0.22–2.00) | 0.44 (0.10–1.91) |
| Other | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Support level | |||
| High | 0.23 (0.10–0.53)** | 0.61 (0.33–1.12) | 0.26 (0.14–0.47)*** |
| Low/medium | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Organizational support | |||
| Vacation/sick leave | 2.36 (0.64–8.87) | 2.25 (0.73–6.96) | 0.52 (0.25–1.09) |
| No or don’t know | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Training: | |||
| Human resource policies (yes) | 0.29 (0.10–0.63)** | — | — |
| Codes of conduct (yes) | 1.85 (0.82–4.17) | — | — |
| No or don’t know | 1 | ||
| Chronic stress exposure | |||
| Substantial or extreme vs. none to moderate (ref) | |||
| Financial problems | 1.50 (0.73–3.09) | — | — |
| Workload too high | 1.54 (0.66–3.60) | — | — |
| Lack of recognition | 3.67 (1.42–9.50)** | 3.35 (1.65–6.79)** | 0.56 (0.25–1.24) |
| Coworker conflict/misunderstanding | — | — | 2.74 (1.35–5.56)** |
| Travel difficulties | 3.60 (1.70–7.59)** | 2.15 (1.09–4.26)* | — |
| Hostility due to religion | — | — | 1.84 (0.92–3.71) |
| Separation from family | — | 1.64 (0.89–3.04) | — |
| None to moderate | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Work experience (agrees vs. disagrees; ref) | |||
| Encourages collaboration | 0.56 (0.23–1.40) | — | — |
| Organization follows policies too rigidly | — | 0.45 (0.20–1.02) | — |
| Satisfied with staff services | 5.20 (1.91–14.17)** | 2.59 (1.27–5.29)** | — |
| Coping: 3 = a lot vs. 2 = a little vs 1 = not at all (=ref) Formed plan of action? |
|||
| A little vs. not at all | 0.09 (0.02–0.39)* | — | — |
| A lot vs. not at all Exercised more? |
0.15 (0.04–0.61)* | — | — |
| A little vs. not at all | 2.16 (1.01–4.62) | 1.61 (0.91–2.85) | — |
| A Lot vs. not at all Avoided people? |
3.15 (0.92–10.82) | 2.31 (0.95–5.60) | — |
| A little vs. not at all | 2.17 (1.02–4.60) | 2.29 (1.26–4.17) | — |
| A Lot vs. not at all Overworked? |
2.07 (0.70–6.09) | 1.12 (0.51–2.47)* | — |
| A little vs. not at all | 3.05 (1.11–8.37) | — | — |
| A Lot vs. not at all Have gone on vacation? |
3.40 (1.16–9.82) | — | — |
| A little vs. not at all | 0.71 (0.32–1.57) | — | — |
| A Lot vs. not at all Taken sick leave because of stress on job? |
0.15 (0.05–0.53)* | — | — |
| A little vs. not at all | 2.16 (1.06–4.40) | 0.31 (0.16–0.62) | |
| A lot vs. not at all | 8.36 (0.74–95.10)* | — | 1.78 (0.54–5.84)** |
| Used chanting/mantras? | — | ||
| A little vs. not at all | 2.03 (0.87–4.78) | 2.41 (1.24–4.67) | — |
| A lot vs. not at all Traumatic exposure: experienced vs. not (ref) |
2.08 (0.71–6.05) | 1.92 (0.86–4.31)* | — |
| Injury due to landmine | — | 1.46 (0.26–8.27) | — |
| Lack of food or water | 1.77 (0.84–3.70) | — | — |
| Ill health without medical care | 2.75 (0.97–7.76) | — | 1.69 (0.82–3.47) |
| Imprisonment | — | — | 2.41 (0.86–6.78) |
| Forced separation family | 5.13 (1.10–23.97)* | 1.78 (0.68–4.64) | — |
| Knowing someone killed/murdered | — | — | 1.86 (0.97–3.54) |
| Death of family/friend | 2.30 (0.78–6.72) | 2.19 (0.90–5.32) | — |
| Torture | 0.16 (0.04–0.76)* | — | — |
| Lost property/belongings | — | — | 1.56 (0.75–3.25) |
| Other terrifying situation | 2.52 (1.20–5.33)* | 1.64 (0.93–2.89) | — |
| Not experienced | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Note. AOR adjusted odds ratio; CI confidence interval. — denotes this variable did not meet the requirements to be included in the regression.
*
p < .05.
**
p < .01.
***
p < .001.