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. 2016 Apr 18;6:24168. doi: 10.1038/srep24168

Figure 2. Early postnatal hyperalimentation (pHA) and early-onset obesity lead to transient increased mRNA expression of adipocytokines and persistent greater circulating concentrations of serum leptin and IL-6 in murine offspring.

Figure 2

(A,B) Total white adipose tissue (WAT) mRNA expression of genes encoding Il-1β, Il-6, Il-23, Tnf-α, and leptin was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR at postnatal day 21 P21 (A) (Ctrl: n = 9 from 5 litters; pHAmouse: n = 11 from 6 litters) and P70 (B) (Ctrl: n = 9 from 6 litters; pHAmouse: n = 9 from 6 litters). The Ctrl was normalized to 1; early postnatal hyperalimentation (white bar; pHAmouse group). (C) Serum level of leptin (ng/ml) at P21 (Ctrl: n = 8 from 5 litters; pHAmouse: n = 8 from 6 litters) and at P70 (Ctrl: n = 7 from 6 litters; pHAmouse: n = 7 from 4 litters). (D) Serum level of IL-6 (pg/ml) at P21 (Ctrl: n = 7 from 5 litters; pHAmouse: n = 5 from 5 litters) and at P70 (Ctrl: n = 4 from 3 litters; pHAmouse: n = 5 from 2 litters). pHAmouse group: white bar, Ctrl: black bar. Mean ± SEM; Mann Whitney test (*), two way ANOVA test and Bonferroni posttest (#); *,#p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; n.s. = not significant.