Table 2.
Effect of Caloric Restriction on Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density*
| AL N=75 | CR N=143 | P value† | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Body composition | |||
| Weight (kg) | |||
| Baseline | 71.5 ± 1.0 | 72.0 ± 0.8 | 0.93 |
| Change at 6 months | −0.8 ± 0.3 | −7.3 ± 0.2 | <0.001 |
| Change at 12 months | −0.7 ± 0.4 | −8.4 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| Change at 24 months | 0.1 ± 0.5 | −7.5 ± 0.4 | <0.001 |
| Fat mass (kg) | |||
| Baseline | 23.8± 0.6 | 23.5 ± 0.4 | 0.61 |
| Change at 12 months | −0.3 ± 0.3 | −6.1 ± 0.2 | <0.001 |
| Change at 24 months | 0.4 ± 0.4 | −5.3 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| Fat-free mass (kg) | |||
| Baseline | 47.6 ± 1.0 | 48.5 ± 0.8 | 0.48 |
| Change at 12 months | −0.3 ± 0.2 | −2.2 ± 0.1 | <0.001 |
| Change at 24 months | −0.2 ± 0.2 | −2.2 ± 0.2 | <0.001 |
| Bone mineral density | |||
| Lumbar spine (g/cm2) | |||
| Baseline | 1.043 ± 0.014 | 1.042 ± 0.010 | 0.85 |
| Change at 12 months | 0.006 ± 0.003 | −0.011 ± 0.002 | <0.001 |
| Change at 24 months | 0.007 ± 0.004 | −0.013 ± 0.003 | <0.001 |
| Total Hip (g/cm2) | |||
| Baseline | 0.982 ± 0.013 | 0.984 ± 0.009 | 0.84 |
| Change at 12 months | 0.002 ± 0.002 | −0.012 ± 0.002 | <0.001 |
| Change at 24 months | 0.001 ± 0.003 | −0.017 ± 0.002 | <0.001 |
| Femoral neck (g/cm2) | |||
| Baseline | 0.842 ± 0.013 | 0.839 ± 0.009 | 0.95 |
| Change at 12 months | 0.000 ± 0.003 | −0.011 ± 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Change at 24 months | −0.005 ± 0.004 | −0.015 ± 0.003 | 0.03 |
| Intertrochanter (g/cm2) | |||
| Baseline | 1.158 ± 0.016 | 1.167 ± 0.011 | 0.49 |
| Change at 12 months | 0.002 ± 0.003 | −0.015 ± 0.002 | <0.001 |
| Change at 24 Months | 0.001 ± 0.004 | −0.021 ± 0.003 | <0.001 |
| Trochanter (g/cm2) | |||
| Baseline | 0.742 ± 0.013 | 0.737 ± 0.008 | 0.95 |
| Change at 12 Months | 0.003 ± 0.002 | −0.006 ± 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Change at 24 Months | 0.002 ± 0.003 | −0.009 ± 0.002 | 0.002 |
| One third radius (g/cm2) | |||
| Baseline | 0.726 ± 0.009 | 0.728 ± 0.006 | 0.49 |
| Change at 12 months | 0.007 ± 0.002 | 0.011 ± 0.002 | 0.32 |
| Change at 24 months | 0.008 ± 0.002 | 0.010 ± 0.002 | 0.64 |
| Whole body (g/cm2) | |||
| Baseline | 1.162 ± 0.011 | 1.168 ± 0.008 | 0.68 |
| Change at 12 months | 0.011 ± 0.004 | 0.019 ± 0.003 | 0.07 |
| Change at 24 months | 0.011 ± 0.004 | 0.012 ± 0.003 | 0.86 |
*
Baseline values are the observed mean (SE); change scores are the least-squares adjusted means (SE) from the repeated measures analysis.
†
P values, from the Wilcoxon test for comparison of the baseline value, and the repeated measures of analyses of covariance for comparisons of change values at time points. All P values reflect Bonferroni corrections, truncated at 1.0, as appropriate (see text).