Table 2. Candidate parameters for predicting the risk of mild hyperkalemia.
| Parameter | Kalemia >5 mmol/L (n = 9) | No kalemia > 5 mmol/L (n = 22) | Univariate analysis# | Multivariate analysis* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| p | p | OR | 95%CI | |||
| Demography | ||||||
| Age (years) | 50.7 [32.7–70.1] | 57.4 [35.8–66.5] | 0.31 | |||
| Gender (M/F) | 7/2 | 11/11 | 0.12 | |||
| Body weight (kg) | 75.0 [66–90] | 70.1 [43.8–109] | 0.17 | |||
| Body-mass index (kg/m2) | 23.8 [23.0–28.2] | 24.4 [18.2–36.8] | 0.84 | |||
| Diabetes at inclusion (n) | 0 | 3 | 0.34 | |||
| Time since transplantation (months) | 152.0 [24–326] | 119.5 [18–264] | 0.29 | |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 120 [110–140] | 130 [110–140] | 0.42 | |||
| Biology | ||||||
| Creatininemia on day 0 (μmol/L) | 170.0 [121.0–232.0] | 138.0 [87.0–239.0] | 0.06 | |||
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 36.0 [26.0–53.0] | 44.5 [26.0–59.0] | 0.17 | |||
| Serum potassium at baseline (mmol/L) | 4.7 [4.0–4.9] | 4.1 [3.4–4.7] | <0.01 | 0.003 | 6.5 | [1.4;30.5] |
| Kaliuresis (mmol/d) | 62.0 [33.0–92.0] | 57.0 [0–176] | 0.33 | |||
| Kaliuresis/creatininuria (mmol/mmol) | 4.8 [0.3–7.0] | 4.7 [0–21.5] | 0.57 | |||
| Natriuresis (mmol/d) | 143 [71–300] | 135.5 [29–360] | 0.84 | |||
| Natriuresis/creatininuria (mmol/mmol) | 10 [1.2–14.8] | 12.7 [1.8–64.6] | 0.25 | |||
| Serum bicarbonate at baseline (mmol/L) | 21.0 [12.0–25.0] | 24.0 [19.0–30.0] | 0.02 | 0.007 | 0.7 | [0.5;0.9] |
| Drug therapy | ||||||
| Cyclosporine A posology at inclusion (mg/d) | 180 [120–220] | 140 [100–280] | 0.08 | |||
| Cyclosporine A posology at inclusion (mg/kg/d) | 2.1 [1.6–2.8] | 2.0 [1.4–4.0] | 0.37 | |||
| Cyclosporinemia at inclusion (ng/mL) | 98 [38–145] | 92.5 [40–152] | 0.81 | |||
| ACE-I at inclusion (n) | 3 | 10 | 0.26 | |||
| ARB at inclusion (n) | 2 | 4 | 0.36 | |||
| Diuretics at inclusion (n) | 4 | 8 | 0.29 | |||
| β-blockers at inclusion (n) | 4 | 10 | 0.31 | |||
| Oral bicarbonate at inclusion (n) | 2 | 4 | 0.36 | |||
| Steroids at inclusion (n) | 1 | 4 | 0.39 | |||
M: male; F: female; eGFR: estimated glomerular-filtration rate; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval. Data are expressed as their median [range]. All urine tests were performed on 24-h urine collections.
# Univariate analyses using Wilcoxon tests for quantitative variables and Fisher exact test for qualitative variables.
* Multivariate analysis by stepwise logistic regression was performed including creatininemia, serum potassium, serum bicarbonate and cyclosporine A posology on day 0.