Figure 1.

Multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPCs) suppressed active RA and HD effector T-cell (Teff) response. CD4⁺ cells were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HD and patients with RA. Cells were stained and then sorted into Teff and Treg populations based on CD4 and CD25 expression. Teffs were stimulated with anti-CD2/CD3/CD28-coated beads and then loaded with eFluor670 vital dye. Teff proliferation was measured using flow cytometry. (A): T-cell suppression assays were performed in the presence of BCM with or without Tregs at ratios of 1:1 and 1:2. (B): T-cell suppression assays were performed with CCM or GMC. Abbreviations: BCM, basal medium; CCM, multipotent adult progenitor cell-conditioned medium; GMC, control growth medium; HD, blood from healthy donors; RA, rheumatoid arthritis patient; Treg, T-regulatory cell.