TABLE 2.
Age and multi-variable adjusted mean values of C-reactive protein, hemoglobin A1C, and high-density lipoprotein according to quintile of neighborhood SES score (n = 418)
| Quintiles of neighborhood SES | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 (Lowest) | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 (highest) | Mean difference between Q1 and Q5 | P for ordinal trend | |
| Immune | |||||||
| C-reactive protein (mg/L)a | |||||||
| Model 1b | 2.72 (2.18–3.41) | 2.19 (1.75–2.74) | 2.25 (1.77–2.87) | 1.85 (1.41–2.43) | 1.48 (1.03–2.13) | 1.24 | 0.004 |
| Model 2c | 2.60 (2.07–3.28) | 2.07 (1.73–2.47) | 2.43 (2.02–2.93) | 1.82 (1.41–2.35) | 1.57 (1.11–2.22) | 1.03 | 0.013 |
| Metabolic | |||||||
| Hemoglobin A1C (% of total hemoglobin) | |||||||
| Model 1b | 6.14 (5.97–6.32) | 5.99 (5.85–6.14) | 5.91 (5.80–6.03) | 6.02 (5.84–6.20) | 5.78 (5.60–5.96) | 0.36 | 0.022 |
| Model 2c | 6.07 (5.94–6.21) | 5.98 (5.87–6.09) | 5.96 (5.86–6.07) | 6.04 (5.88–6.20) | 5.78 (5.61–5.94) | 0.29 | 0.074 |
| Cardiovascular | |||||||
| High-density lipoprotein (mg/dL) | |||||||
| Model 1b | 57.9 (54.8–61.3) | 61.2 (58.5–64.1) | 62.7 (59.5–66.0) | 60.8 (57.7–64.1) | 66.7 (62.1–71.7) | 8.8 | 0.009 |
| Model 2c | 59.8 (56.8–62.9) | 61.7 (59.1–64.4) | 61.9 (59.0–64.9) | 60.3 (57.5–63.2) | 65.4 (60.7–70.6) | 5.6 | 0.188 |
aValues are back-transformed means from log-transformed CRP values
bModel 1: adjusted for age
cModel 2: adjusted for age, menopausal status, alcohol consumption, vigorous physical activity, moderate physical activity, walking for exercise, sitting/television viewing, insurance status, cigarette smoking, history of diabetes, female hormone use, household income, number of people in the household, history of hypertension, years of education, body mass index, western dietary pattern, and prudent dietary pattern