Table 4.
Comorbidity and health care utilization by HBsAg seropositivity among adults ≥ 19 years based on the KNHANES V (2010-2012), Republic of Korea
| Variables | Total |
HBsAg-positive |
HBsAg-negative |
p-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | n | % | N | n | % | N | n | % | ||
| Comorbidity | ||||||||||
| Tuberculosis1 | 16,973 | 811 | 3.7 | 617 | 29 | 3.9 | 16,356 | 782 | 3.7 | 0.77 |
| Diabetes2 | 16,596 | 1,718 | 5.2 | 599 | 43 | 4.0 | 15,997 | 1,675 | 5.3 | 0.16 |
| Hypertension3 | 16,922 | 5,148 | 19.3 | 611 | 173 | 18.5 | 16,311 | 4,975 | 19.4 | 0.65 |
| Hepatitis C1 | 16,971 | 37 | 0.10 | 616 | 1 | 0.05 | 16,355 | 36 | 0.11 | 0.44 |
| Liver cirrhosis1 | 16,970 | 53 | 0.01 | 616 | 19 | 0.10 | 16,354 | 34 | 0.01 | < 0.001 |
| Liver cancer1 | 16,970 | 15 | 0.0001 | 616 | 5 | 0.001 | 16,354 | 10 | 0.0001 | 0.002 |
| Health care utilization | ||||||||||
| Outpatient (2 wk) | 16,955 | 5,801 | 29.5 | 617 | 197 | 32.6 | 16,338 | 5,604 | 29.3 | 0.24 |
| Hospitalization (1 yr) | 16,955 | 1,834 | 10.8 | 617 | 67 | 11.1 | 16,338 | 1,767 | 10.8 | 0.84 |
| Untreated4 (1 yr) | 16,968 | 3,085 | 18.2 | 617 | 111 | 18.5 | 16,351 | 2,974 | 18.1 | 0.88 |
| Cancer screening (2 yr) | 16,964 | 9,265 | 44.9 | 617 | 360 | 47.8 | 16,347 | 8,905 | 44.8 | 0.28 |
| Liver cancer screening (2 yr) | 16,953 | 990 | 3.5 | 617 | 82 | 7.5 | 16,336 | 908 | 3.3 | < 0.001 |
Age and sex adjusted rate.
HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; KNHANES, Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
1
Diagnosed by medical doctor in questionnaire.
2
Proportion of people with fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dL, diagnosed with diabetes by a doctor, taking oral hypoglycemic agents, or taking insulin;
3
Proportion of people with systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg or taking anti-hypertensive agents.
4
Percentage of adults who could not visit a clinic or hospital (excluding dental clinics) when they needed during the past year.