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a, Affinity measurements conducted by surface plasmon resonance and binding to PD-L1-expressing human cells using MPDL3280A and trastuzumab. Data from a representative experiment (1 of 4) is shown here. b, In vitro assays for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. The wild-type antibody is unmodified and the Fc modified MPDL3280A antibody has an engineered Fc domain. GPE, glycophorin E; MFI, mean of fluorescence intensity.
