Table 1.
Cohort characteristics and coronary artery disease risk factors at baseline
| MI before or shortly after SLE Patients (n=23) |
No MI Patients (n=1825) |
p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (F) | 14 (60.9%) | 1626 (89.1%) | <0.001 |
| Caucasian | 18 (78.3%) | 879 (48.5%) | 0.005 |
| Mean age at SLE diagnosis Mean age at MI diagnosis |
52.5±15.0 49.3±13.4 |
34.5±13.2 NA |
<0.001 NA |
| SLE duration in months | 5.6±4.2 | 6.1±4.5 | 0.547 |
| SLEDAI-2K | 3.7±3.5 | 5.4±5.4 | 0.03 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia | 17 (73.9%) | 652 (35.7%) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 19 (82.6%) | 705 (38.6%) | <0.0001 |
| BP diastolic | 74.2±12.2 | 75.2±11.0 | 0.67 |
| BP systolic | 125.8±18.5 | 119.6±16.8 | 0.07 |
| Diabetes | 1 (4.6%) | 68 (3.7%) | 0.34 |
| Metabolic syndrome | 5/19 (26.3%) | 238/1638 (13.0%) | 0.18 |
| Family history of MI* | 9/23 (39.1%) | 264/1752 (55.3%) | 0.008 |
| Smoking ever | 18/23 (78.3%) | 629/1185 (34.6%) | 0.001 |
| Anti-dsDNA antibodies | 7/22 (31.8%) | 650/1660 (39.1%) | 0.57 |
| Low complement components 3 and 4 | 8/22 (36.4%) | 617/1662 (37.1%) | 0.76 |
| High sensitivity C reactive protein | 7/16 (43.8%) | 298/1263 (23.5%) | 0.06 |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate | 8/14 (57.1%) | 519/928 (55.9%) | 0.91 |
| Anticardiolipin antibodies | 1.47±6.06 | 10.42±83.23 | 0.66 |
| Lupus anticoagulant | 3/17 (17.7%) | 249/1190 (20.9%) | 1.00 |
| Corticosteroids | 19 (82.6%) | 1260 (69.0%) | 0.16 |
| Antimalarials | 14 (60.9%) | 1233 (67.7%) | 0.75 |
| Immunosuppressives | 10 (43.5%) | 723 (40.0%) | 0.91 |
Bold text indicates significant findings. *Inclusive of all MIs and not limited to premature MIs.
BP, blood pressure; MI, myocardial infarction; NA, not applicable; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus.