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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Apr 19.
Published in final edited form as: J Card Fail. 2014 Oct 15;21(1):60–67. doi: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2014.10.004

Table 4.

Effects of exercise vs control group assignment on outcomes by pacing status

All-cause death or hospitalization All-cause death CV death or CV hospitalization CV death or HF hospitalization
Comparisons of treatment effect among device groups (interaction tests)
Any difference among device groups (overall test) P=0.058 P=0.33 P=0.19 P=0.97
Treatment effect by device group*
BiV pacing
 Exercise training vs. usual care — HR(CI) 1.05 (0.82, 1.34)
P=0.72		 1.18 (0.79, 1.77)
P=0.41		 1.11 (0.85, 1.46)
P=0.44		 0.89 (0.64, 1.25)
P=0.51
RV lead
 Exercise training vs. usual care — HR(CI) 1.04 (0.84, 1.28)
P=0.74		 0.94 (0.65, 1.35)
P=0.74		 0.92 (0.73, 1.15)
P=0.46		 0.85 (0.65, 1.12)
P=0.24
No device
 Exercise training vs. usual care — HR(CI) 0.79 (0.67, 0.93)
P=0.0045		 0.79 (0.55, 1.13)
P=0.20		 0.82 (0.69, 0.99)
P=0.034		 0.88 (0.67, 1.16)
P=0.37
*

Hazard ratios and p-values are from adjusted models with device groups included as time-dependent covariates.