Figure 1.

Comparison of levels of κ/λ hybrid antibody in the sera of patients with treatment naïve ERA, established RA, OA, and HC. Serum levels of κ/λ hybrid antibody were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in patients with ERA (n = 16), established RA (n = 42), OA (n = 20), and HC (n = 20). Serum levels of κ/λ hybrid antibody were both significantly higher in patients with ERA and established RA compared with those in OA (p = 0.0003 and p = 0.0157, resp.) and HC (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.006, resp.). Concentrations of κ/λ hybrids antibody are presented in arbitrary units (AU/mL). Symbols represent individual subjects; solid line was labeled at mean with SEM. p values were determined using Mann-Whitney U test, ^∗ p < 0.05, ^∗∗ p < 0.01, and ^∗∗∗ p < 0.001.