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Possible mechanisms for recruitment of P-TEFb to the HIV-1 promoter. A, B – Tat-independent transcription when P-TEFb stimulates basal transcription from the HIV-1 promoter in the absence of Tat. P-TEFb can be recruited by cellular proteins Brd4, SEC (A) or NF-κB, Sp1 (B). C – Tat-dependent transcription. Tat is bound to TAR RNA, thus facilitating the release of P-TEFb from 7SK nsRNP and its recruitment to the paused elongation complex [14].
