Table 2.
Pooled outcome measures of music intervention arms of included studies
| First author | SBP baseline (mmHg) | SBP end (mmHg) | DBP baseline (mmHg) | DBP end (mmHg) | Mean SBP reduction (mmHg) | Mean DBP reduction (mmHg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bekiroglu [18] | 128.2 (6.7) | 115.2 (5.3) | 77.5a(−) | 70.0a(−) | 13.0a(−) | 7.5a(−) |
| Modesti [2] | 131.0 (13.0) | 129.7a(−) | 79.0 (9.1) | 77.6a(−) | 1.3 (7.0) | 1.4 (5.4) |
| Zanini [19] | 149.7 (6.4) | 133.8 (13.4) | 89.1 (9.1) | 80.1 (10.6) | 15.9a(−) | 9.0a(−) |
| Chan [20] | 143.8 (23.8) | 130.1 (28.1) | 73.1 (11.5) | 67.7 (14.0) | 17.3a(−) | 5.4a(−) |
| Tang [25] | 145.0 (19.0) | 139.0 (17.0) | 74.0 (10.0) | 71.0 (10.0) | 6.0a(−) | 3.0a(−) |
| Altena [24] | 133.9 (15.7) | 131.0 (11.5) | 78.4 (11.1) | 75.0 (13.2) | 2.9 (6.1) | 3.4 (9.2) |
| Pandic [22] | 151.8 (15.7) | 135.1 (10.6) | 82.7 (9.8) | 78.7 (7.7) | 16.0a(−) | 4.1a(−) |
| Logtenberg [23] | 150.4 (8.2) | 138.2 (10.3) | 87.0 (8.3) | 81.5 (8.3) | 12.2 (9.4) | 5.5 (7.5) |
| Schein [21] | 154.7 (8.5) | 143.4a(−) | 93.4 (7.1) | 87.8a(−) | 11.3 (12.8) | 5.6 (6.2) |
| Grossman [26] | 155.0 (11.0) | 152.1 (12.1) | 94.0 (6.0) | 92.5 (9.1) | 2.9 (12.1) | 1.5 (9.1) |
| R-E model | 144.4 | 134.3 | 83.6 | 78.2 | 6.0 | 3.5 |
| (95 % CI) | (136.7–152.1) | (124.0–144.5) | (78.2–88.9) | (72.6–83.8) | (1.5–10.4) | (1.4–5.7) |
| Heterogeneity | X 2 P < 0.001 | X 2 P < 0.001 | X 2 P < 0.001 | X 2 P < 0.001 | X 2 P < 0.001 | X2 P = 0.061 |
| I2 = 97 % | I2 = 97 % | I2 = 95 % | I2 = 91 % | I2 = 84 % | I2 = 56 % |
Data expressed as “mean (SD)”, “mean (95 % CI)” or proportions
R-E model random-effects model, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure
aExcluded from analysis due to unavailable measures of dispersion