Table 2.
Primary induction regimens for newly diagnosed transplant-eligible and transplant-ineligible multiple myeloma
| Trial | Regimen | CR (%) | ≥VGPR (%) | ORR (%) | PFS | OS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transplant-eligible patients | ||||||
| Reeder et al. [93] | VCD | 22 | 67 | 75 | 1 year 93% | 1 year 100% |
| Richardson et al. [56] | VRD | 37 | 74 | 100 | 18 months 75% | 18 months 97% |
| Rajkumar et al. [43] | Rd | 4 | 40 | 70 | 25.3 months | 1 year 96%, 2 years 87% |
| Moreau et al. [49] | VTD | 13 | 49 | 88 | NA | NA |
| Jakubowiak et al. [59] | KRd | 45 | 88 | 100 | 24 months 92% | NA |
| Kumar et al. [53] | VDRC | 25 | 58 | 88 | 1 year 86% | 1 year 92% |
| Jakubowiak et al. [94] | VDD | 38 | 58 | 85 | 1 year 93% | 1 year 97.5% |
| Transplant-ineligible patients | ||||||
| Facon et al. [31] | MPT | 13 | 47 | 76 | 27.5 months | 51.6 months |
| MP | 2 | 7 | 35 | 17.8 months | 33.2 months | |
| Palumbo et al. [95] | MPR-R | 33 | 33 | 77 | 31 months | 3 years 70% |
| MPR | 33 | 33 | 68 | 14 months | 3 years 62% | |
| MP | 12 | 12 | 50 | 13 months | 3 years 66% | |
| San Miguel et al. [96] | VMP | 30 | 41 | 71 | 24 months | Median NR |
| MP | 4 | 8 | 35 | 17 months | 43 months | |
| Rajkumar et al. [43] | Rd | 4 | 40 | 70 | 25.3 months | 2 years 87% |
| RD | 5 | 50 | 81 | 19.1 months | 2 years 75% | |
| Niesvizky et al. [36] | VD | 3 | 37 | 73 | 14.7 months | 49.8 months |
| VTD | 4 | 51 | 80 | 15.4 months | 51.5 months | |
| VMP | 3 | 41 | 70 | 17.3 months | 53.1 months | |
| Palumbo et al. [97] | VMPT-VT | 38 | 59 | 89 | 3-year PFS 56% | 3-year OS 89% |
| VMP | 24 | 50 | 81 | 3-year PFS 33% | 3-year OS 87% | |
CR complete response, KRd carfilzomib, lenalidomide, dexamethasone, MPT melphalan, prednisone, thalidomide, MRP melphalan, prednisone, lenalidomide, NR not reached, ORR objective response rate, OS overall survival, PFS progression-free survival, PR partial response, Rd lenalidomide dexamethasone, VCD bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone, Vd bortezomib, dexamethasone, VDD bortezomib, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, dexamethasone, VDRC bortezomib, dexamethasone, lenalidomide, cyclophosphamide, VGPR very good partial response, VMP bortezomib, melphalan, prednisone VRD bortezomib, lenalidomide, dexamethasone, VTD bortezomib, thalidomide, dexamethasone