Table 3.

Regimens for relapsed or relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma

Trial	Regimen	Study phase	Median prior regimens, n (range)	≥VGPR (%)	ORR (%)	Median PFS (m)	Common grade ≥3 adverse events
Bortezomib-based regimens
Richardson et al. [98]	V	III	2	7	38	6.2	Neutropenia 20%, thrombocytopenia 30%, peripheral neuropathy 8%
	D			1	18	3.5
Dimopoulos et al. [99]	VD	Case-control	1	N/A	75.2	12.9	Neutropenia 4%, thrombocytopenia 21%, infections 17%, neuropathy 18%
	D				41.3	6.4
San-Miguel et al. [100]	VD + Pano	III	1 (1–3)	28	60.7	12.7	Neutropenia 35%, thrombocytopenia 68%, diarrhea 25%, pneumonia 13%
	VD			16	54.6	8.5
Ludwig et al. [101]	VD + Benda	II	2 (1–6)	35.4	60.8	9.7	Neutropenia 17%, thrombocytopenia 38%, infection 23%, diarrhea 8%
Lenalidomide-based regimens
Weber et al. [102]	Rd	III	≥2	24.3	61	11.1	Neutropenia 41.2%, thrombocytopenia 15%, infection 21%
	D			1.7	20	4.7
Reece et al. [103]	CPR	I/II	2 (1–5)	60	94	16.1	Neutropenia 21%, thrombocytopenia 31%, thrombosis 9%, infection 18%
Lazaryan et al. [104]	DVd-R	I/II	3 (1–7)	19.7	53	10.5	Neutropenia 29%, thrombocytopenia 8%, thrombosis 9%, infection 18%
Carfilzomib-based regimens
Vij et al. [105]	CFZ (20 mg/m2)	II	3 (1–13)	5.8	17.1	4.6	Neutropenia 11%, thrombocytopenia 20%, pneumonia 9%, dyspnea 6%
Papadopoulos et al. [106]	CFZ (56 mg/m2) + Dex	I	4 (2–9)	28	55	6.2	Thrombocytopenia 36%, hypertension 9%, increased creatinine 9%, pulmonary hypertension 5%, pneumonia 5%
Pomalidomide-based regimens
San Miguel et al. [78]	Pd	III	5	6	31	4	Neutropenia 48%, thrombocytopenia 22%, pneumonia 13%
	D			<1	10	1.9
Berenson et al. [107]	Pd + PLD	I/II	5	N/A	35	N/A	Neutropenia 38%, thrombocytopenia 6.3%
IMiD + PI combinations
Garderet et al. [108]	VTD	III	6	56	87	19.5	Neuropathy 31%, neutropenia 11% thrombocytopenia 17%, infection 14%
	TD			35	72	13.8
Richardson et al. [109]	VRD	II	2 (1–3)	28	64	9.5	Neutropenia 30%, thrombocytopenia 21%,
Stewart et al. [70]	KRd	III	2 (1–3)	70	87	26.3	Neutropenia 30%, thrombocytopenia 17%, hypokalemia 9%
	Rd			40	67	17.6
Mikhael et al. [110]	PVd	I/II	3	N/A	94	N/A	Neutropenia 36%, thrombocytopenia 11%, pneumonia 13%
Rosenbaum et al. [111]	KPd	Ib/II	2	28	72	N/A	Neutropenia 23%, thrombocytopenia 19%, dyspnea 35% (all grades)
Monoclonal antibodies
Lonial et al. [85]	EloRd	III	2 (1–4)	33	79	19.4	Neutropenia 34%, lymphocytopenia 77%, thrombocytopenia 19%, infusion reactions 10% (grade 1–2 in 88%)
	Rd			28	66	14.9
Lokhort et al. [86, 88]	Dara	I/II	4	N/A	35	N/A	Neutropenia 5%, lymphopenia 10%, infusion reactions 50% (no severe reactions)
Plesner et al. [88]	Dara + Rd	I/II	2 (1–4)	50	87	N/A	All grade neutropenia 65%, muscle spasms 28%, cough 28%, diarrhea 18%, infusion reactions 64%
Martin III et al. [89]	SAR650984 + Rd	I/II	6	23	58	N/A	Neutropenia 12%, febrile neutropenia 13%, pneumonia 6%, infusion reactions cycle 1 40% (1 grade 1 bronchospasm)

ABCD pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone, Benda bendamustine; CFZ carfilzomib, CPR cyclophosphamide, prednisone, lenalidomide, D: high-dose dexamethasone, Dara daratumumab, DVd-R pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, vincristine, dexamethasone, lenalidomide, EloRd elotuzumab, lenalidomide, dexamethasone, KPd carfilzomib, pomalidomide, dexamethasone, KRd carfilzomib, lenalidomide, dexamethasone, ORR objective response rate, Pano panobinostat, Pd pomalidomide, dexamethasone, PFS progression free survival, PLD pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, PVD pomalidomide, bortezomib, dexamethasone, Rd lenalidomide, dexamethasone, Rd + Dara lenalidomide, dexamethasone, daratumumab, V bortezomib, VCD bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone, VD bortezomib-dexamethasone, VGPR very good partial response, VRD bortezomib, lenalidomide, dexamethasone, VTD bortezomib, thalidomide; dexamethasone