Table 2.
Penn State Nicotine Dependence Index: Comparison of Total Score and Individual Item Responses for Smoking Cigarettes and Using Electronic Cigarettes
| Penn State Nicotine Dependence Index | Traditional cigarette | Electronic cigarette | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean PSNDI score (SD) | 14.5 (3.7) | 8.1 (3.5) | <.0001 |
| Mean cigarettes (e-cig sessions) per day (SD) | 24.3 (12.4) | 24.0 (25.9) | .4493 |
| Mean time to first smoke (e-cig use) of the day, in mins (SD) | 26.8 (67.3) | 44.5 (72.7) | <.0001 |
| Awakening at night to smoke (use e-cig), % (n) | 41.2 (1,487) | 6.8 (247) | <.0001 |
| Who smoke (use e-cig) because it is really hard to quit, % (n) | 89.4 (3,225) | 28.8 (1,039) | <.0001 |
| Had strong cravings to smoke (use e-cig), % (n) | 92.7 (3,344) | 35.4 (1,277) | .0037 |
| With strong, very strong, or extremely strong urges to smoke (use e-cig), % (n) | 85.7 (3,093) | 11.72 (423) | .0001 |
| Find it hard to keep from using in places where you are not supposed to, % (n) | 64.5 (2,328) | 10. 5 (378) | .0014 |
| More irritable when they cannot smoke (use e-cig), % (n) | 91.7 (3,312) | 25.6 (923) | <.0001 |
| More nervous when they cannot smoke (use e-cig), % (n) | 90.4 (3,263) | 26.4 (953) | <.0001 |