Table 1.
Baseline Demographic, Expectancies, and Anxiety and Depression in the Full Samples and by Gender
| Sample 1: non-treatment seeking, Los Angeles, CA, United States | Sample 2: treatment-seeking, Tallahassee, FL and Burlington, VT, United States | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Descriptive statistics, M (SD) or % | Correlationse | Descriptive statistics, M (SD) or % | Correlationse | |||||||
| Full sample (N = 278) | Female (n = 91) | Male (n = 187) | With male gender | With SCQ-NR | Full sample (N = 494) | Female (n = 237) | Male (n = 257) | With male gender | With SCQ-NR | |
| SCQ-NRa | 4.3 (1.7) | 4.8 (1.8) | 4.0 (1.7) | −.22*** | – | 5.7 (1.8) | 6.0 (1.8) | 5.4 (1.8) | −.18*** | – |
| SCQ-PRa | 4.5 (1.2) | 4.6 (1.2) | 4.5 (1.2) | −.01 | .53*** | 5.7 (1.5) | 5.7 (1.5) | 5.6 (1.6) | −.03 | .59*** |
| SCQ-WCa | 2.9 (2.0) | 3.4 (2.3) | 2.7 (1.9) | −.15* | .39*** | 4.2 (2.4) | 4.8 (2.4) | 3.6 (2.2) | −.26*** | .44*** |
| SCQ-NCa | 4.8 (1.2) | 4.9 (1.3) | 4.8 (1.1) | −.07 | .25*** | 6.5 (1.3) | 6.8 (1.3) | 6.3 (1.3) | −.16*** | .39*** |
| Anxietyb | 1.3 (0.38) | 1.3 (.4) | 1.3 (0.4) | −.04 | .28*** | 1.4 (0.5) | 1.4 (0.6) | 1.4 (0.5) | −.06 | .25*** |
| Depressionc | 2.4 (0.6) | 2.4 (.7) | 2.4 (0.6) | −.01 | .14* | 2.1 (0.7) | 2.1 (0.7) | 2.0 (0.6) | −.11* | .39*** |
| Age | 44.1 (10.7) | 43.2 (11.4) | 44.5 (10.4) | .06 | −.07 | 36.7 (13.5) | 37.9 (13.6) | 35.6 (13.4) | −.08 | −.15** |
| Raced | 49.5% | 49.0% | 49.8% | .00 | −.03 | 10.7% | 10.0% | 11.3% | −.03 | .19*** |
| Cigarettes/day | 17.4 (6.7) | 16.7 (6.4) | 18.0 (6.9) | .07 | .12* | 16.7 (10.1) | 15.4 (8.2) | 17.9 (11.4) | .08 | .02 |
| Age regular smoker | 18.9 (5.3) | 18.8 (4.6) | 5.5 (5.6) | .02 | −.08 | 17.4 (3.9) | 17.2 (3.9) | 17.6 (3.9) | .04 | −.15** |
| FTND | 5.5 (1.9) | 5.5 (1.8) | 1.5 (2.0) | .00 | .26*** | 5.2 (2.3) | 5.1 (2.3) | 5.3 (2.3) | .03 | .19*** |
FTND = Fagerström test of nicotine dependence; M = mean; NC = negative consequences; NR = negative reinforcement; PR = positive reinforcement; SCQ = smoking consequences questionnaire; SD = standard deviation; WC = weight control. Gender coded (0 = female, 1 = male).
aScores reflect mean response per item—possible range sample 1: 1 (not true of me at all) to 7 (very true of me); sample 2: 0 (completely unlikely) to 9 (completely likely).
bAnxiety was measured using the anxious arousal subscale of the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire for sample 1 and the Panic subscale of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in sample 2. Scores reflect mean response per item—possible range 1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely).
cDepression was measured using the anhedonic depression subscale of the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire for sample 1 and the general depression subscale of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in sample 2. Scores reflect mean response per item—possible range 1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely).
dBlack race coded as 1, other race coded as 2.
eRelations between two continuous variables reflect Pearson correlation coefficients. Relations between a binary and continuous variable reflect point-bisearial correlation coefficients. Relations between two binary variables reflect Phi coefficients.
*p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001.