Table 2. Relative rate tests for comparing the molecular evolutionary rate of ClVg protein sequence of the bedbug with those of ClVg-like protein sequence and other Vg protein sequences of hemipteran insects based on 1,235 unambiguously aligned amino acid sites.

Lineage 1a	Lineage 2b	Outgroup	K1	K2	K1-K2	K1/K2	P-valuec
Vg-like, Cimex lectularius	Vg, Cimex lectularius	Vg, Pediculus humanus; Vg, Nilaparvata lugens	0.643	0.360	0.283	1.79	1.0 x 10−7
Vg-like, Cimex lectularius	Vg, Apolygus lucorum	Vg, Pediculus humanus; Vg, Nilaparvata lugens	0.648	0.330	0.318	1.96	1.0 x 10−7
Vg-like, Cimex lectularius	Vg, Nesidiocoris tenuis	Vg, Pediculus humanus; Vg, Nilaparvata lugens	0.639	0.336	0.303	1.90	1.0 x 10−7
Vg-like, Cimex lectularius	Vg, Trigonotylus caelestialium	Vg, Pediculus humanus; Vg, Nilaparvata lugens	0.656	0.407	0.249	1.61	2.1 x 10−7
Vg-like, Cimex lectularius	Vg2, Triatoma infestans	Vg, Pediculus humanus; Vg, Nilaparvata lugens	0.647	0.354	0.293	1.83	1.0 x 10−7
Vg-like, Cimex lectularius	Vg, Lethocerus deyrollei	Vg, Pediculus humanus; Vg, Nilaparvata lugens	0.613	0.360	0.253	1.70	1.5 x 10−7
Vg-like, Cimex lectularius	Vg, Riptortus pedestris	Vg, Pediculus humanus; Vg, Nilaparvata lugens	0.666	0.499	0.167	1.33	2.8 x 10−4
Vg-like, Cimex lectularius	Vg, Geocoris pallidipennis	Vg, Pediculus humanus; Vg, Nilaparvata lugens	0.659	0.509	0.150	1.29	1.2 x 10−3
Vg-like, Cimex lectularius	Vg1, Plautia stali	Vg, Pediculus humanus; Vg, Nilaparvata lugens	0.637	0.522	0.115	1.22	0.014

^a Estimated mean distance between lineage 1 and the last common ancestor of lineages 1 and 2.

^b Estimated mean distance between lineage 2 and the last common ancestor of lineages 1 and 2.

^c P-value was generated using the program package RRTree [33].