Table 1.
Therapy characteristics of included studies
| Study | Patient group | Therapy type | Duration of therapy (child/parent) | Proportion of therapy (child: parent) | Mode of delivery, group/individual | Therapy delivered by | Therapist training |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shekarabi-Ahari 2012 | Cancer | CBT | 0/16 hours | 0:100 | In-person, individual | Not reported | Not reported |
| Allen 1998 | Painful condition (headache) | CBT | 4 hours/not reported | Not reported | In-person, individual | Authors | Not reported |
| Ambrosino 2008 | Diabetes | CBT | 9 hours/9 hours | 50:50 | In-person, group | Mental health professionals | Not reported |
| Antonini 2014 | TBI | PST | 10 sessions, 4 supplementary sessions/10 sessions, 4 supplementary sessions | 50:50 | Computer and home visit, individual | Therapist with psychology masters degree | Given manual & had meetings with an advanced supervising psychologist |
| Askins 2009 | Cancer | PST | 0/8 hours | 0:100 | In-person, individual | Therapists with graduate training in Clinical Psychology | Specialised training in PSST |
| Barakat 2010 | Painful condition (sickle cell disease) | CBT | 6 hours/6 hours | 50:50 | In-person, individual families | Clinical Psychology doctoral students | Not reported |
| Barry 1997 | Painful condition (headache) | CBT | 3 hours/3 hours | 50:50 | In-person, group | Mental health professionals | Not reported |
| Celano 2012 | Asthma | FT | 4 to 6 sessions/ 4 to 6 sessions | 50:50 | In-person, individual families | Mental and health care professionals | Not reported |
| Connelly 2006 | Painful condition (headache) | CBT | 4 hours/1 hour | 80:20 | Computer, phone calls, individual | CD-ROM and research staff | Not reported |
| Duarte 2006 | Painful condition (recurrent abdominal pain) | CBT | 3 hours, 20 minutes/3 hours, 20 minutes | 50:50 | In-person, not reported | General health professionals | Not reported |
| Ellis 2004 | Diabetes | MST | 48 sessions/48 sessions | 50:50 | In-person, Individual Families | Mental health professionals | Course on MST |
| Ellis 2005 | Diabetes | MST | 46 sessions/46 sessions | 50:50 | In-person + phone calls, individual families | Mental health professionals | Course on MST |
| Ellis 2012 | Diabetes | MST | Minimum 48 sessions/Minimum 48 sessions | 50:50 | In-person, Individual Families | Masters level therapist | 5-day training, phone consultation with MST expert, follow-up booster |
| Gulewitsch 2013 | Painful condition (Functional Abdominal Pain + irritable bowel syn-dome) | CBT | 3 hrs/3hrs | 50:50 | In-person, group | Trained Psychologists | Not reported |
| Hicks 2006 | Painful condition (headache + recurrent abdominal pain) | CBT | Not reported/not reported | Not reported | Online + phone calls, individual | Internet + researcher | Not reported |
| Hoekstra-Weebers 1998 | Cancer | CBT | 0/12 hours | 0:100 | In-person, individual | Master’s student in Psychology | Not reported |
| Kashikar-Zuck 2005 | Painful condition (fibromyalgia) | CBT | 6 sessions/3 sessions | 66:33 | In-person + phone calls, individual | Pre-doctoral Psychology Intern and post-doctoral Psychology Fellow | Trained by PI |
| Kashikar-Zuck 2012 | Painful condition (fibromyalgia) | CBT | 6 hours/2 hours 15 minutes | 73:27 | In-person, individual | Post-doctoral Psychology Fellow | 6 to 8 hours CBT training by PI |
| Kazak 2004 | Cancer | FT | 5 hours/5 hours | 50:50 | In-person, group | Nurses, Social Workers, Clinical Psychologists, graduate and post-doctoral Psychology Trainees | 12-hour training |
| Laffel 2003 | Diabetes | CBT | 4 sessions/4 sessions | 50:50 | In-person, individual families | Research assistant | Not reported |
| Lask 1979 | Asthma | FT | 6 hours/6 hours | 50:50 | In-person, individual families | Mental health professional | Not reported |
| Lehmkuhl 2010 | Diabetes | CBT | 9 to 12 hours/9 to 12 hours | 50:50 | Phone calls, individual families | Clinical Psychologists and pre-doctoral Psychology Interns | Not reported |
| Levy 2010 | Painful condition (recurrent abdominal pain) | CBT | 4 hours/4 hours | 50:50 | In-person, individual families | Therapists | Not reported |
| Marsland 2013 | Cancer | CBT | 0/6 face-to-face sessions, 6 phone calls | 0:100 | In-person, telephone and online, individual | Masters level clinician | Training on the conceptual foundations of the intervention |
| Mullins 2012 | Cancer | PST | 0/5 hours | 0:100 | In-person, individual, phone calls | Nurse interventionists & psychology interventionists | Manual, training by corresponding author |
| Naar-King 2014 | Asthma | MST | 27 sessions/27 sessions | 50:50 | In-vivo observations, in-person, individual families | Therapist | Not reported |
| Nansel 2009 | Diabetes | PST | 3 sessions, 3 phone calls/3 sessions, 3 phone calls | 50:50 | In-person, individual, phone calls | Health advisors (College graduates) | Specially trained college graduates |
| Nansel 2012 | Diabetes | PST | 7 visits = 3.5 hours | 50:50 | In-person, individual families | Health advisors | Not reported |
| Ng 2008 | Asthma | FT | 22 hours/22 hours | 50:50 | In-person, group | Not reported | Not reported |
| Niebel 2000 | Atopic eczema | CBT | 0/22 hours | 0:100 | In-person + video, individual families | Mental health professional | Not reported |
| Olivares 1997 | Diabetes | CBT | 0/9 hours, 20 minutes | 0:100 | In-person, group | Not reported | Not reported |
| Palermo 2009 | Painful condition (mixed pain conditions) | CBT | 4 hours/4 hours | 50:50 | Online, individual families | Online + Psychology Fellow | 1 year of experience delivering face-to-face CBT to children with chronic pain |
| Robins 2005 | Painful condition (recurrent abdominal pain) | CBT | 3 hours, 20 minutes/2 hours | 63:37 | In-person, group | Pre-doctoral Psychology Intern and post-doctoral Psychology Fellow | Not reported |
| Sahler 2002; | Cancer | PST | 0/8 hours | 0:100 | In-person, individual | Mental health professional and Psychology graduate student | 3-day workshop |
| Sahler 2005 | Cancer | PST | 0/8 hours | 0:100 | In-person, individual | Not reported | Not reported |
| Sahler 2013 | Cancer | PST | 0/ 8 hours | 0:100 | In-person, individual | Research assistants (RA) | Graduate training in clinical or behavioural psychology, manual given, RA’s trained in groups & then given individual weekly supervision |
| Saßman 2012 | Diabetes | FT | 0/10 hours | 0:100 | In-person, telephone, groups | Psychologist | Not reported |
| Sanders 1994 | Painful condition (recurrent abdominal pain) | CBT | 5 hours/5 hours | 50:50 | In-person, individual | Clinical Psychologists | Not reported |
| Seid 2010; | Asthma | PST | 11 hours/11 hours | 50:50 | In-person, individual families | Master’s level Health Educator | 2-week training |
| Stark 2005 | Juvenile Rhuematoid Arthritis | BI | 4–6 hours/4 -6 hours | 50:50 | In-person, groups | Parents - PHD Psychologist Children - Postdoctoral fellow with help of a trained RA | Not reported |
| Stehl 2009; | Cancer | CBT | 2 hours, 15 minutes/2 hours, 15 minutes | 50:50 | In-person + CD-ROM, group | Psychology Fellows, Psychology Intern, Master’s level Psychologist, doctoral-level Nurse | 18 hours training |
| Tsiouli 2014 | Diabetes | CBT | 0/9.87 hours | 0:100 | In-person, telephone, individual | Author of progressive muscle relaxation and diaphragmatic breathing & a CD | Not reported |
| Wade 2006a | TBI | PST | 10 hours, 20 minutes/10 hours, 20 minutes | 50:50 | In-person, individual families | Clinical Psychology graduate student | 2 months training |
| Wade 2006b | TBI | PST | 14 modules/14 modules | 50:50 | Online + video conferencing, individual | Clinical Psychology graduate student | 2 months training |
| Wade 2011 | TBI | PST | 16 modules/16 modules | 50:50 | Online + video conferencing, individual | Staff Psychologist, Clinical Psychology graduate students | Multi-day training |
| Wysocki 1999 | Diabetes | FT | 10 sessions/10 sessions | 50:50 | In-person, individual families | Clinical Psychologists | 150 hours training |
| Wysocki 2006 | Diabetes | FT | 12 sessions/12 sessions | 50:50 | In-person, individual families | Clinical Psychologist, Social Worker | Trained in BFST-D |
BFST-D: Behavioural Family Systems Therapy for Diabetes; BI: Behavioural intervention; CBT: cognitive behavioural therapy; FT: family therapy; MST: multisystemic therapy; PI: principal investigator; PSST: problem solving skills training; PST: problem-solving therapy; TBI: traumatic brain injury