Table 6.
Psychological therapies for parents of children and adolescents with diabetes
| Psychological therapies for parents of children and adolescents with diabetes | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient or population: Parents of children with diabetes Settings: Community Intervention: Psychological therapies | ||||||
| Outcomes | Probable outcome with control | Probable outcome with intervention | Relative effect (95% CI) | No of Participants (studies) | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments |
| Parent mental health post-treatment (high scores indicate poor mental health) | The mean parent mental health post-treatment in the intervention groups was 0.22 standard deviations higher (0.08 lower to 0. 53 higher) | SMD 0.22 (−0.08 to 0.53) | 175 (3 studies) |
⊕⊕○○ low1,2 |
||
| Child behaviour/disability post-treatment (low scores indicate less adverse behaviour ratings) | The mean child behaviour/disability post-treatment in the intervention groups was 0.06 standard deviations higher (0.15 lower to 0.28 higher) | SMD 0.06 (−0.15 to 0.28) | 329 (3 studies) |
⊕○○○ very low1,2,3 |
||
| Child mental health post-treatment (high scores indicate poor mental health) | The mean child mental health post-treatment in the intervention groups was 0.08 standard deviations lower (0.63 lower to 0.47 higher) | SMD −0.08 (−0.63 to 0.47) | 198 (2 studies) |
⊕○○○ very low1,2,3,4,5 |
||
| Child symptoms post-treatment (low scores indicate lower HbA1 c) | The mean child symptoms post-treatment in the intervention groups was 0.19 standard deviations lower (0.37 to 0.01 lower) | SMD −0.19 (−0.37 to −0.01) | 774 (9 studies) |
⊕○○○ very low1,3,6 |
||
| Child symptoms at follow-up (low scores indicate lower HbA1c) | The mean child symptoms at follow-up in the intervention groups was 0.25 standard deviations lower (0.45 to 0.05 lower) | SMD −0.25 (−0.45 to −0.05) | 385 (4 studies) |
⊕○○○ very low1,2,3 |
||
| Family functioning post-treatment (low scores indicate better family functioning) | The mean family functioning post-treatment in the intervention groups was 0.01 standard deviations lower (0.2 lower to 0. 18 higher) | SMD −0.01 (−0.2 to 0.18) | 422 (5 studies) |
⊕○○○ very low1,2,3 |
||
| SMD: Standardised mean difference | ||||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High quality: Further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect. Moderate quality: Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate. Low quality: Further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and is likely to change the estimate. Very low quality: We are very uncertain about the estimate. | ||||||
1
Majority of studies included in outcome have unclear or high risk of bias
2
Low number of participants included in the outcome
3
A significant proportion of studies did not report outcomes in published paper
4
Heterogeneity I2 > 45%
5
Wide confidence intervals
6
Majority of studies did not use an active comparator