Table 2.
Total and SeMaS subgroup characteristics, by primary and secondary outcomes
| Control | Intervention | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
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| Total | SeMaS subgroup | Total | SeMaS subgroup | |||||
|
|
|
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| Higha | Moderateb | Lowc | Higha | Moderateb | Lowc | |||
| Patient, n | 348 | 148 | 132 | 9 | 296 | 127 | 101 | 12 |
| PAM-13 score at follow-up, mean (SD) | 59.7 (15.4) | 61.8 (13.8) | 58.8 (15.2) | 57.4 (11.0) | 60.7 (15.5) | 63.6 (15.5) | 59.9 (15.1) | 49.4 (10.6) |
|
| ||||||||
| Lifestyle baseline | ||||||||
| Nutrition, mean (SD)d | 27.9 (3.9) | 28.3 (3.6) | 27.7 (4.0) | 27.4 (6.4) | 27.2 (4.3) | 27.8 (4.1) | 26.6 (4.4) | 26.3 (4.6) |
| Exercise, mean (SD)e | 4.9 (1.8) | 5.0 (1.7) | 4.8 (1.9) | 5.0 (1.5) | 5.0 (1.8) | 5.1 (1.7) | 5.1 (1.6) | 5.3 (1.9) |
| Smoking, % yes | 13.2 | 6.8 | 18.9 | 11.1 | 9.1 | 7.1 | 8.9 | 8.3 |
|
| ||||||||
| Aspects of care, as measured during research period (6 months) | ||||||||
| Individual care plans, % yes | 27.6 | 26.4 | 28.0 | 22.2 | 47.0 | 44.1 | 53.5 | 41.7 |
| Clinical self-monitoring, % yesf | 15.2 | 16.9 | 15.2 | 11.1 | 29.4 | 27.6 | 30.7 | 66.7 |
| Number of consultations, mean (SD) | 4.6 (3.7) | 4.3 (3.1) | 4.7 (3.9) | 5.7 (5.8) | 4.0 (3.1) | 3.9 (3.0) | 4.2 (2.9) | 5.2 (3.4) |
| Referrals to interventions, | 2.6 | 0.7 | 3.8 | 0.0 | 3.7 | 2.4 | 4.0 | 8.3 |
a
High: patients who are ready for self-management.
b
Moderate: patients who can undertake self-management with minor barriers.
c
Low: patients with severe barriers to self-management.
d
Nutrition: scored 13–41; higher score equates to healthier food habits.
e
Exercise: scored 1–7; 1 = sedentary; 7 = active.
f
Clinical self-monitoring includes monitoring of weight, glucose, and blood-pressure. PAM-13 = 13-item Patient Activation Measure. SD =standard deviation. SeMaS =Self-Management Screening.