Table 1.
Domains in the survey instrument and diabetes registry
| Domain | Survey instrument | Scale | Diabetes registry |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic | Education Occupation Household and own income Health insurance |
7 Categories 7 Categories 1 (Below 149K DKK) to 7 (>850K DKK) Yes/no |
Age Sex Weight (kg)/height (cm) BMI Duration of diabetes (years) |
| Health status | |||
| Measurements | Self-measured BG (mmol/L) after questionnaire completion | <5 to >18 mmol/L | HbA1c (%) LDL (mmol/L) HDL (mmol/L S-cholesterol (mmol/L) Systolic BP (mm Hg) Diastolic BP (mm Hg) |
| Mental/physical health | Limitation during physical activity (self-rated NYHA class I-IV) Well-being and mobility Life satisfaction |
Multiple choice (4 health states) EQ-5D 1 (very dissatisfied) to 10 (very satisfied) |
|
| Severe complications | Severe hypoglycemia Night-time hypoglycemia |
(total number) (yes/no) |
Severe hypoglycemia (total number) Ketoacidosis (total number) Retinopathy Foot risk Foot ulcer Amputation Kidney failure (yes/no) Apoplexy (total number) Vascular operation (total number) Angina (yes/no) Heart failure (yes/no) |
| Minor complications | Minor hypoglycemic events |
(per month) | – |
| Treatment regimen | – | – | Insulin regimen Antihypertensive treatment Antilipidemic treatment |
| Health behavior | |||
| Daily habits | Exercise (intensity/frequency) Smoker Home measured BG |
1 (high) to 4 (low) Yes/no (number per week) |
– |
| Self-efficacy | Own ability to engage in health promoting actions: (1) diet, (2) exercise, (3) dentist visits, (4) GP advice adherence (5) visiting one's GP (primary care utilization), (6) treatment adherence | 1 (Poor) to 10 (very good) | – |
| Treatment adherence | Level of treatment adherence | 1 (not at all) to 4 (fully) | – |
| Health beliefs | |||
| Susceptibility to health risk | Familiarity with HbA1c Understanding of HbA1c and its association with BG in the past 3 months Satisfactory HbA1c level Perception of own heart health/condition |
Yes/no/do not know Multiple choice (3 statements) HbA1c 5.5–10% 1 (poorest) to 10 (best possible) |
– – – |
| – | |||
| Severity of diabetes | Specifying where damage may occur due to poor glucose control (hands, feet, heart, kidneys, eyes, teeth/gums) | Yes/no/do not know | – |
| Barriers toward treatment | (1) finding the treatment cumbersome, (2) time-consuming or (3) skipping treatments due to financial burden | 1 (disagree) to 5 (very much agree) | – |
| Benefits of treatment | (1) finding it does not improve one's condition much and (2) feeling well despite not always following the treatment | 1 (disagree) to 5 (very much agree) | – |
BG, blood glucose; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; DKK, Danish Krone; EQ-5D, EuroQOL five dimensions questionnaire; GP, general practitioner; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NYHA, New York Heart Association.