Table 1.

Primer sequences and amplification characteristics for 10 candidate reference genes and 1 gene of interest.

Unigene	Gene symbol	Gene name	Accession number	Arabidopsis Homolog locus	Primer [5′−3′] Forward/reverse	Product Size (bp)	TM (°C)	E (%)	R2
comp39032_c0_seq1	Actin	Actin	KU853024	AT3G27000.1	AAGGTGATGGAATGGCTGAC/CAAGAACTGCTCCTCCAAGG	264	60	96.48	0.997
comp72555_c2_seq1	α-TUB	α-tubulin	KU853025	AT1G50010.1	AAAACTGTTGGTGGAGGCGA/TCTGGGTGAAAGAGTTGGCG	152	60	95.71	0.999
comp78934_c0_seq1	β-TUB	β-tubulin	KU853026	AT5G23860.2	AGAACGCCGACGAGTGTATG/AGGGAAACGAAGGCAGCAAG	149	60	90.51	0.994
comp21853_c0_seq1	UBC	Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme	KU853027	AT3G46460.1	TACCCAAACAGCCCTCCAAC/AGCAGCTTCAATGTTTGCCG	234	59	98.82	0.994
comp72593_c0_seq1	GAPDH	Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase	KU853028	AT1G13440.1	CTGGAGTTTTCACCGACAAGG/CCAATGGGGCAAGACAGTTAG	186	60	92.78	0.998
comp21491_c1_seq1	PP2A	Protein phosphatase 2A	KU853029	AT1G10430.1	TGATTACTTGCCCCTCACAGCC/CATAACAGGTCGCACATTGGTC	150	60	91.46	0.995
comp62257_c0_seq1	TIP41	TIP41-like protein	KU853030	AT4G34270.1	ACGTTCCATTCTCACCTCCC/GCTTCCAACCAGTAAGAGCG	164	59	101.45	0.993
comp54677_c1_seq1	SAMS	s-adenosylmethionine synthetase	KU853031	AT4G01850.2	TCTTCCACCTCAACCCATCTG/TAAGCACCACTCCTGTCCAC	166	59	104.74	0.991
comp82277_c2_seq1	EF-1α	Elongation factor 1 alpha	KU853032	AT5G60390.2	TCCTGGGCATCGTGACTTTA/TTCATCATACCGAGCCTTTG	232	60	94.57	0.997
comp62008_c0_seq1	CYP	cyclophilin	KU853033	AT2G36130.1	GTTCTTCATTACCTTGGCACCT/TGACCGTTGACCGTAGTATCTT	161	58	99.23	0.995
comp63583_c0_seq1	F3H	flavanone 3-hydroxylase	KU853034	AT3G51240.1	GCTCTACCGCCTGATGACAAG/GTTACTCGCTTCCACCCCTCC	191	60	98.58	0.996

Unigenes were selected from the transcriptome of tree peony. The mean efficiency (E) of PCR amplification and the regression coefficient (R²) for each primer pair were calculated by the LightCycler 96 SW Software.